Research On Evacuation In Large-scale Gymnasiums Based On Grounded Theory

With increase of sports events and performances in China,large-scale gymnasiums have been used widely as important places for large-scale events.The space in large-scale gymnasiums is complex.Therefore,safety evacuation has been paid more attention.Many researchers have focused on objective factors during evacuation,but researches related to human factors is limited.Therefore,this paper introduces grounded theory into safety evacuation and studies factors related evacuation perception to constructs the theoretical model of evacuation perception in large-scale gymnasiums.First,the common evacuation mode is summarized through the case study and sample selection standard and interview outline are determined.36 interviewees were selected for interview and the interview data were analyzed though three-level coding analysis,including open coding,axial coding,selective coding.Five main categories related to evacuation perception were obtained: individual characteristics,activity attributes,evacuation design,physical environment and evacuation psychology.Second,five main categories are analyzed and 17 key words are extracted,and the relationship among the main categories is sorted out,and the theoretical model of evacuation perception in large-scale gymnasiums is constructed.In the theoretical model,the internal factor is evacuation psychology,which is closely related to individual characteristics and activity attributes.The external factors include evacuation design and physical environment.Evacuation perception affects evacuation behaviors and evacuation results which provide feedback to evacuation design.Finally,according to the evacuation perception model,the optimization strategies is proposed from evacuation design,physical environment and evacuation psychology.In terms of evacuation design,optimization strategies include 3 parts: evacuation routes,building space,the identification system.In terms of the physical environment,optimization strategies include 3 parts: light environment,acoustic environment and thermal environment.In terms of evacuation psychology,the safety awareness of evacuees needs to be improved.The theoretical model of evacuation perception provides advice for the optimization of the existing evacuation simulation models and suggestions for evacuation design in large-scale gymnasiums.