| The requirements of urbanization and intensive development have caused educational resources in rural areas,such as educational funds,teachers and talents,and spatial layout,to move closer to cities and towns,which has improved the service level of educational resources in small towns.The consequences of agglomeration have also resulted in the enrichment effect of educational resources,that is,many school-age families have spontaneously migrated to educational resource centers in small towns in order to obtain better educational resources or a more convenient environment for accompanying,which has spawned other corresponding consequences.However,the enhanced functional complexity of the peripheral space of schools in small town has also brought many problems,such as congestion of residential space,rising housing prices,deterioration of the living environment,and traffic congestion.Together with the problems of backward development and poor infrastructure of small towns,the insufficient public and open space is difficult to meet the needs of new functional requirements,which has certain negative impact on the physical and mental growth of students,the quality of life of residents and parents,and the healthy development of cities and towns.This paper selects primary and secondary schools in small towns in Wuhan distant suburban area as the subject,conducts in-depth investigation and analysis of the problems of the school’s peripheral space due to the enrichment of educational resources,and proposes corresponding optimizations for the status quo of various related spaces and the future development needs of small towns.Based on the framework of "The impact of urban and rural elementary educational resource agglomeration on the phenomenon of enrichment-the phenomenon of enrichment of functional space around primary and secondary schools in small towns and the survey summary-the characteristics of the surrounding functional space of primary and secondary schools in small towns-optimization of the surrounding functional space of primary and secondary schools in small towns,this study can be divided into the following four parts:The first part investigates the differences in the enrichment caused by the agglomeration of education resources in the whole region of Wuhan.The enrichment effect brought about by the agglomeration of educational resources at the primary school level in Wuhan City has gradually increased since 1997,which also shows that the intensive use of educational resources in Wuhan has been effective.Xinzhou District is the remote urban area with the largest number of primary schools in Wuhan,and the largest contribution to the withdrawal and combination of schools.With the decrease or disappear of the rural educational resources,the flow of educational resources to small towns also enhances the ability to enrich for urban educational resources.With the comparison of the enrichment of educational resources between Wuhan City and Xinzhou District,the central urban area has always maintained a strong momentum of enrichment of educational resources,while the phenomenon of enrichment of educational resources in small towns has become increasingly obvious.There has been the phenomenon of the coefficient family relationship,that is,one student with one parent or a whole family,which has greater impact on the changes and development of the space function around schools in small towns.The second part is to investigate the changes in the surrounding space of schools after the enrichment of accompanying resources to schools in small towns.The researcher selects each types of schools in six remote urban areas of Wuhan respectively,resulting in two high schools,two junior high schools,and two elementary schools in total.The purpose is to compare the enrichment of educational resources at different educational stages in different remote urban areas,and summarize the enrichment of various functional spaces around schools of various types and levels and systematically organize the survey data.The third part analyzes the enrichment features and problems of the functional space around the primary and secondary school districts based on the field survey data and data collation.The study found that:(1)the spatial layout of the function shows the characteristics of ring-layer enrichment;(2)there are enrichment differences in land use types around schools in small towns;(3)the enrichment time of the population around the school has regular characteristics.The enrichment phenomena and characteristics of various functional spaces around schools of different levels are also different:(1)the time and space of the enrichment of living space are different;the enrichment time of the residential space around elementary schools,junior high schools,and high schools is different,and the radius of the enrichment space circle increases step by step;(2)there are differences in the daily use of traffic space.Because of the low level of traffic land around elementary schools,traffic spaces under enriched conditions often have functions such as crowd waiting and roadside operations,while traffic around middle schools basically does not have such a phenomenon;(3)the commercial space and business are enriched.The businesses around the school have to meet the needs of students,parents,and residents at the same time,and the composite nature of the business is enhanced;(4)the enrichment of public service facilities is weak.The development of small towns is inherently lagging behind the central city,the public service facilities,which are regarded as a government construction project,have not been enhanced in the enrichment effect under the agglomeration of educational resources,as a result,the overall service efficiency has not risen but declined;(5)outdoor public places do not match with the enrichment phenomenon.The planning and design of outdoor places around the school only provide basic space or fitness facilities for the elderly according to the original population,which cannot meet the multi-level needs of students and accompanying parents.In general,there are various spatial enrichment problems around campuses in small towns:(1)the lack of predictive planning for residential space,and residents in order to rent houses for profit and disorderly increase various building spaces in a short period of time;(2)traffic congestion appears during school hours,especially the short-term gathering of people in front of elementary schools cannot be evacuated;(3)commercial space is chaotic and extends to residential space,and there are various hidden safety hazards;(4)the public service facilities are insufficiently configured to meet the overall social needs under the influence of school enrichment.The fourth part,based on the problem of the enrichment of the functional space around the campus caused by the enrichment of educational resources in small towns,puts forward the requirements for the site selection of small towns and schools,and prepares in advance for the healthy development of educational resources in small towns in the future,and puts forward the idea of optimizing the surrounding functional space of small town campuses,and provides guidelines for the optimization of the surrounding space of small town campuses,and proposes targeted optimization strategies for the problems caused by the enrichment of various functional spaces:(1)propose to improve the quality of life in response to the poor living space environment caused by disorderly construction;(2)propose a traffic space optimization strategy aimed at ensuring the safety of commuting to and from school for traffic congestion problems;(3)propose a composite optimization strategy for commercial space with the goal of solving commercial mixed problems for commercial spaces;(4)propose an optimization strategy with the goal of ensuring public service facilities "public service facilities" aiming at the problem of insufficient allocation of public service facilities.It also puts forward corresponding optimization suggestions according to the individual differences of primary and secondary schools in small towns. |
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