Analysis Of Imported Grain Quarantine And Pest Invasion Risk From Nansha Port Entry In Guangzhou Customs,P.R.china

Since Nansha port in Guangzhou Customs,P.R.China became the designated port for national grain entry,the grain import volume has been increasing year by year,and reaching 2.689 million tons in 2017.However,with the continuous growth of grain imports,the risk of alien invasive pest is also increasing,posing a serious threat to the agricultural and forestry production,ecological environment in Nansha area and Guangdong province.Therefore,in order to guard against the risk of introduction of alien invasive pests with imported grain,it was analyzed the quantity,species and proportion of harmful organisms intercepted from imported grain at Nansha Port from 2013 to 2017,assesed the risk of alien pest invasion intercepted,and combined with the loopholes existing in current quarantine supervision,put forward suggestions on quarantine supervision of the imported grain.The main results are as follows:First,the status of pests intercepted from imported grain were analyzed and summarized.From 2013 to 2017,516 species in 50677 batches foreign pests were intercepted from imported grain.According to the level of danger,43 species in 6274 batches quarantine pests,and 473 species in 44403 batches were identified as general pest.Second,in terms of species composition of intercepted pests,weeds,fungi and insects rank among the top three positions.There were 337 species and 38632 batches weeds have been intercepted,which accounted for 65.36% of the total intercepted species and 76.23%of total batches;80 species and 10813 batches fungi have been intercepted,accounting for15.50% and 21.33%;and 90 species and 1115 batches insects have been intercepted,accounting for 17.40% and 2.20%.The species and batches of viruses and other pests account for 1.74% and 0.24% only.So it must pay more attention to weeds quarantine in imported grain.Third,it was analyzed qualitative assessment on the invasion risks of 516 pests intercepted.According to the qualitative analysis results,there were 36 alien pests intercepted are possessed high invasion risk,including the following species: Amaranthus palmeri,A.rudis,A.tuberculatus,Ambrosia artemisiifolia,Ambrosia sp.,A.trifida,Avena ludoviciana,Cenchrus echinatus,C.longispinus,C.spinifex,C.tribuloides,Crotalaria spectabilis,Euphorbia dentate,Iva xanthifolia,Solanum rostratum,S.torvum,Sorghum almum,S.halepense,Xanthinm italicum,X.brasilicum,X.cenchroides,X.cylindricum,X.globosum,X.occidentale,X.pensylvanicum,Xanthium sp.,X.spinosum,Aegilops cylindrical,Bromus rigidus,Emex australis,X.riparium,Lolium temulentum,S.elaeagnifolium,X.cavanillesii,Diaporthe phaseolorum var.Caulivora、D.phaseolorum var.Meridionalis,Bean pod mottle virus are at high risk of invasion.There were 3 species at moderate risk of invasion,including Ambrosia psilostacya,Rapistrum rugosum,Ipomoea pandurata;while other 477 intercepted pest species were at low risk of invasion.Forth,through the analysis of the current situation of quarantine treatment and quarantine supervision of imported grain,it is concluded that the pests carried by imported grain can be basically inactivated in processing plants,while the spread risk of alien pests mainly lies in the process of loading and unloading,transportation,processing and storage of grain.In view of the existing risks,the author puts forward some suggestions,such as implementing the whole process video supervision on the key risk points of imported grain,accelerating the exploration of the traceability management mechanism of imported grain,and effectively integrating the existing information systems to achieve interconnection.