The Means Of Reducing Chemical Pesticide Use On Grapevine And Evaluation

Microbial agents play a role simultaneously or separately by inducing plant resistance,producing antagonistic substances,lysogenic and competitive effects.The use of microbial agents and plant pesticides to control grape diseases and insect pests has attracted increasingly attention from plant protection departments.Based on the characteristics of grape production in Changli County,Hebei Province,this study explored the effects on grape fruit quality and diseases and insect pests by taking muscat and cabernet sauvignon as the main research objects and substituting some chemical pesticides with microbial agents and plant pesticides.The results are as follows.1.Changli County facility greenhouse grape muscat fragrance,the experiment selected two biological bacteria agent brands of Ningdun(ND)and Lukangwei(LKW)with the soil fertilization method of organic fertilizer and bacteria agent and prevented leaf and fruit diseases and insect pests by using tree body spray.Grape muscat fragrance was fertilized 6 times and tree spray 5 times from the germination period to the harvest period.The results showed that there was no significant difference in grape weight,soluble solids,titratable acid and tannin content between the three treatment groups of ND,LKW and chemical control;The soluble sugar content and sugar acid ratio of ND,LKW and conventional chemical were significantly different from that of control group.The anthocyanin content of ND treatment group was significantly different from that of LKW,chemical control group and control group,and the anthocyanin content increased by 42.9%,45.4%and52.1%respectively.2.For wine grape cabernet sauvignon,the effects of different application modes on disease and insect control effects and fruit quality of cabernet sauvignon were studied by partially replacing chemical pesticides with two brands of bacillus bacteria,namely ND and LKW.The treatment group of ND and LKW adopted the fertilization method of organic fertilizer and bacterial agent,and the commercial recommended dose of bacterial agent was adopted.The results showed that there was no significant difference in grape weight,soluble solid,titratable acid and sugar-acid ratio among the treatment groups.The tannin content of conventional chemical treatment group as significantly different from that of ND+chemical treatment(CT)group and LKW+CT group.According to the results of insect pest control on different days,the control effects of the Apolygus lucorum on August 31 and September 15 were significantly different from those on July 25 and August 15 in the LKW+CT and conventional chemical treatment groups.The results of downy mildew prevention and treatment in the conventional chemical treatment group on August 15 and 31 were significantly different from those on July 25 and September 15.There was no significant difference in the control effect of anthrax and white rot in ND+CT and LKW+CT treatment group compared with that in conventional chemical treatment group.3.During the entire growth period of a wine grape cabernet sauvignon,the chemical treatment of 667m~2included 1.94kg of chemical pesticide and 1.25kg of copper sulfate;The 667m~2 medication of ND+CT treatment group included 0.50 kg of chemical pesticide,2L of microbial agent ND,and 1.5kg of copper sulfate.The667m~2medication in the LKW+CT treatment group included 0.505kg of chemical pesticide,2kg of microbial agent LKW,and 1.5kg of copper sulfate.The total amount of chemical pesticides used by ND+CT and LKW+CT treatment group was reduced by 73.9%compared with that of conventional chemical treatment group with the use of copper sulfate increased by 20%.In the case that the labor cost was not saved,the application cost of ND+CT and LKW+CT treatment group was 21.4%and 10.1%lower than that of the conventional chemical treatment group.To sum up,In facility greenhouse grape muscat fragrance,the application mode of ND and LKW agent instead of chemical pesticides can significantly improve the soluble sugar content and ratio of sugar to acid in grape.The tannin content of cabernet sauvignon can be improved by microbial agents;According to the investigation of the pest control effect of different application modes,the control effect of ND+CT application mode on the Apolygus lucorum was significant on July25 and August 15,and the control effect of LKW+CT application mode on downy mildew was significant on August 15;According to the results of pest control on different days,the control effect of the Apolygus lucorum the later stage of the treatment group was significantly better than that in the earlier stage.The application mode of partial substitution of chemical pesticides with bacterial agents can significantly reduce the use of chemical pesticides and save production costs.