Study On The Influencing Factors Of Technical Efficiency Of Freshwater Fishing Culture In Heilongjiang Province

There is a large space for the growth of freshwater fish consumption demand,and freshwater fish has become the main consumer category,increasing freshwater fish production is an effective way to meet the demand of freshwater fish consumption,the scarcity of resources and the diminishing returns of input factors determine that improving technical efficiency plays an important role in increasing production.Heilongjiang Province,as the dominant development area of national freshwater fishery,has the conditions for freshwater fish culture,and due to climate reasons,cold water fish varieties are relatively diverse,however,the scale of freshwater fish culture is small,the utilization rate of large machinery is less than 30%,and the technical efficiency is at a low level.Under the guidance of national policies,freshwater fish culture is changing to green and healthy aquaculture.Freshwater fishing in Heilongjiang Province is mainly freshwater fish culture and the output of freshwater fish healthy aquaculture demonstration farms account for 80% of the freshwater fish output,which have strong representative significance.Therefore,take the Heilongjiang freshwater fish healthy aquaculture demonstration farm as the observation object,and study the influencing factors of technical efficiency of reshwater fish culture in Heilongjiang Province.First of all,comb the domestic and foreign literatures on freshwater fish culture,related theories of technical efficiency and influencing factors of technical efficiency of freshwater fish culture,and select scale economy theory and production frontier theory as the theoretical basis,select DEA method to evaluate technical efficiency,use Tobit model to analyze the influencing factors,and determine research object according to current national fishery development policy and the actual situation of freshwater fish culture in Heilongjiang Province;Secondly,according to the existing research results,construct the evaluation index system of freshwater fish culture technology efficiency in Heilongjiang Province from the aspects of labor input,capital input,land input,environmental input and output,determine the questionnaire and carry out the investigation to analyze the basic characteristics and technical efficiency of the survey data.It is found that the average technical efficiency of freshwater fish culture in Heilongjiang Province is 0.714,which has not yet reached the optimal value,and there are more redundant inputs in feed and pollutant treatment;Finally,construct the index system of influencing factors of freshwater fish culture technical efficiency in Heilongjiang Province and use Tobit model to empirical analysis.The results showed that the education level of the farm leader,the time of the staff engaged in fishery culture,whether to use the motorized fishing boat,the breeding area,the subsidy amount and the fishery production structure had a positive and significant impact on the technical efficiency,but the age of the farm leader and the staff,the education level of the staff,whether to use the refined feed,and the cost of fish fry had no significant influence on the technical efficiency.Therefore,this paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions from three aspects of improving technical level,improving factor input and strengthening policy guidance,such as strengthening training,developing and popularizing new technology,optimizing feed utilization level,improving the degree of aquaculture mechanization,guiding the transformation of aquaculture mode and creating a good development environment,hoping to help improve the freshwater fish production in Heilongjiang Province and provide reference for the development of fishery.