Plato’s View Of Justice And Its Value

Plato’s concept of justice is the foundation of building a just city-state and one of the original forms and ideological sources of western justice thoughts.The study of Plato’s concept of justice should be based on the background of the times,the political society and culture of ancient Greece,the internal structure of Plato’s concept of justice,Plato’s absorption and Transcendence of the previous theory of justice,the essence and value of justice,the way to realize justice and the form of justice And go to school for a comprehensive analysis.Plato used the core of Socrates’ Moral Philosophy "good" in the theory of justice,which made "justice" exceed the category of personal morality and become the essence and legitimacy of the concept of justice.Plato not only linked justice with different functions of soul and different levels of cognition,but also linked social division of labor with the harmonious order of the whole city-state to build a justice concept with different levels of harmony.The main body of this paper is composed of three parts.The first part is the historical background and theoretical source of Plato’s justice in Chapter one.The second part is the main content and realization way of Plato’s justice in chapter two and chapter three.The third part is the evaluation and practical enlightenment of Plato’s Justice in chapter four and chapter five.The first chapter is the background of Plato’s justice and the origin of Plato’s opinion.The background of the times is the defeat of Athens in the Peloponnesian War,Socrates was sentenced to death by the democratic system,Sparta’s influence on Plato.Plato was influenced by Pythagoras,Heraclitus and Socrates.The second chapter is the main content of Plato’s concept of justice.First of all,it describes the institutional structure of just city-state,and then expounds the connotation of national justice and individual justice and the relationship between national justice and individual justice.National justice is the ruler,the guardian and the producer,who are in place,do their own business without interference.Personal justice is the three qualities of soul: reason dominates,passion and desire dominate.Finally,the consistency between national justice and individual’s positive relations--the consistency in form and structure and the consistency in connotation.Conclusion: the harmony of individual justice and national justice makes the city-state harmonious and orderly is justice.In the third chapter,the three means of realizing Plato’s concept of justice are the implementation of public education system,the implementation of the system of common ownership,and the political system of sages-"the king of philosophy" to govern the country.The implementation of the public education system is to guarantee that men and women are equal and receive the same education.The implementation of the public system is to prohibit private property and implement the system of sharing wives.The rule of "philosophy king" is to let philosophers be the rulers of city states.The fourth chapter,the limitations and value evaluation of Plato’s justice,the limitations are the limitations of Plato’s justice argument and Plato’s justice system.Value evaluation is the first systematic theory of justice in the history of western philosophy.It is the first one in the history of western philosophy to put forward the theory of social division of labor,build a happy country,and integrate justice and happiness harmoniously.The fifth chapter,the practical significance of Plato’s concept of justice,analyzes that fairness and justice are the foundation of socialist harmonious society,harmonious unity is the goal of socialist harmonious society,the modern significance of Plato’s concept of justice’s political value,and the Enlightenment of Plato’s concept of justice on socialist core value.