Official Family And Grass-roots Society In The Southwest Of Shandong In Ming And Qing Dynasties

The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the last period of China’s feudal society.Many official families appeared in the southwest of Shandong Province.The emergence of official families has an important connection with the geographical location of the southwest of Shandong,which is located at the junction of Shandong,Jiangsu,Henan and Anhui provinces,with relatively frequent personnel exchanges and ideological and cultural exchanges.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the official families in the southwest of Shandong Province could be divided into literary-oriented families and soldier-oriented families.The literary-oriented official families were formed mainly through the imperial examination,while the soldier-oriented official families could also be formed through the martial arts examination.The martial arts practice was prevalent in the southwest of Shandong Province,the members of the martial arts examination family played an important role in defending the country.By interacting with other families,the relevant official families in the southwest of Shandong Province constantly consolidate their positions and safeguard their interests.During the Ming and Qing dynasties,imperial palace southwest family in an era of "imperial power not to the countryside" effectively maintain the basic order of society,promote the development of local economy,culture and education,have a positive impact on society at the grass-roots level,but as the feudal lords,they also occupy a large amount of social resources,the gap between the poor and they bigger and bigger,and therefore the present society become more unfair.At present,we should treat the official family dialectically,take its essence and discard its dross,so as to make the society develop in a more fair and orderly direction.