A Study On The Roles Of The Cultivating Party In Cultivating Practice Of Urban Community Social Organizations

With the development of urban communities,there have been more and more challenges and difficulties appearing,such as environment deterioration,public space lacking,residents demand diversity,that seems cannot be effectively solved by the governments in an up-down path with Grassroots community governance to be challenged.Meanwhile,some community self-organizations set up by residents or by neighborhood committees or other agencies,such as cultural entertainment group,environmental governance group,senior citizen association,have played a certain role for meeting the cultural demands of residents,constructing a harmonious neighborhood of community,solving problems of community,promoting community governance,etc.The author studied the practice process of a community of Xi’an,and found that the cultivating party played different roles in various phases of cultivation of the community social organizations under the dominant mode,acting as a demand evaluator,option decision maker in the incubation stage,a leader sharer,advocator for community talents in initial stage,a resource linker,norm supporter in the integration stage,as well as a direction guider and organizational enabler in the re-development stage.From the perspective of organizational cultivation process,the party basically adhered to the concept of "self-organization and self-governance",found organizational opportunities on the basis of matching community needs and resources,shared organizational responsibilities with community talents,and provided differentiated resources and normative support for the organization.There were also some problems,such as difficulty in focusing the goals of the organization in initial stage,lack of support for capacity development and multiple channels creating in medium stage,lack of backbone reserve and enablement service in the late stage.As for cultivating strategies,the cultivating party could collect needs and problems through various channels,make smoothing talents advocating mechanism,adopt classified cultivating techniques,and used rigid-flexible adjustment methods,but also face shortages of its own resources,narrow participating space,deficient professional social work force,lack of subjectivity of residents.And then the author put forward some suggestions for solving these problems.