| China’s current pension system was set up in 1950 s,but with the development of society and economy,the retirement age system has brought a series of challenges to social and economic development of China: with the average education level increasing,low retirement age makes human capital fail to be made full use of;the aging of population and the extension of average life expectancy make the sustainable development of the pension system face serious challenges.Throughout the international practice of the reform of the retirement age,the extension of the retirement age has become an inevitable trend.Extending the retirement age can help to increase the proportion of the working population,raise the proportion of the population dependency ratio,and ease the pressure of pension payment.It is also an effective method for solving the aging crisis in our country.The Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided on “deepening the reform of the comprehensive reform of several major issues” and clearly put forward to study the development of progressive retirement age policy.Due to gradually delaying the retirement age will affect all aspects of the economy and society,if the design is not so appropriate or considerable and comprehensive,it may have a negative impact on social stability and economic development.Therefore,it is important for the government to be cautious in the process of designing the policy.Up to now,how to gradually extend the retirement age policy is in the discussing stage,although some research institutions have put forward some adjustment plans type to delay retirement.However,the adjustment program at the national level has not yet formed clearly.To design a suitable andeffective adjustment scheme,some key problems must be solved: what is the impact of this reform on the labor supply,on the pension balance and social willingness? It is obviously necessary and urgent to study these problems.The reform of delaying retirement involves various aspects,and also society has not reached an agreement on this issue.There are a variety of opinions and suggestions,so it is significant to fully consider the expectations of the community,and achieve a comprehensive balance to make the program more thoughtful and acceptable.In the background of the progressive retirement age policy of formulating,this paper aims to study the impact of delaying retirement age on social willingness with the reference to China’s current conditions and international experience,so as to strengthen the positive effect and reduce the negative influence of the program design,and explore the progressive retirement age scheme and related supporting recommendations,which can be acceptable,feasible and effective for all workers and the government.In order to minimize the social resistance to the policy and enable more people to actively participate in the practice of China’s reform of retirement age,this paper studies the influence factors of the public unwillingness to the delay retirement policy by statistical analysis and regression analysis.The result is people’s health condition,retirement and leisure planning,care of grandchildren,total economic income(wage income plus retirement pension)obviously affect people’s unwillingness to delay retirement age.In view of these three key influencing factors,this paper designs three supporting measures: based on the elderly workers’ demand for leisure time,establishing the system of paid leave;based on the pressure from raising grandchildren,strengthening the construction of kindergartens;based on the demand for increasing salary,establishing diversified economic incentives for workers;based on worries about health condition from older workers,improving the health protection mechanism for the elderly workers.Finally,after checking the effectiveness of these four measures,the paper finds that these measures have significantly improved the people’s satisfaction and acceptance to the policy of delay retirement age. |
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