Study On The Relationship Between Social Support For Leisure Time Physical Activity Of Some College Students In Shanghai

The research background :from high school to university,leisure physical activities of college students decline rapidly,which brings a series of physical health problems,the proportion of overweight and obesity,malnutrition of college students continues to rise,the number of physical quality and function is also on the increase.College is an important part of the life cycle.If you do not develop the habit of physical activity during college,you will continue to maintain the habit of not exercising after graduation.Social support for physical activity,provided by significant others,is the most direct,low-cost and sustainable impact factor on physical activity.At the same time,the arrival of the post-epidemic era requires college students to have a strong immunity,and a strong body cannot be separated from regular leisure physical activities.Although college students are aware of the benefits of physical activity,they are more likely to choose sedentary activities such as playing video games and watching TV in their leisure time.The lack of social support for physical exercise is considered to be the biggest obstacle to college students’ physical exercise.In addition,the relevant policies issued by the state also provide a strong guarantee for college students to participate in leisure physical activities.Research Objectives: Firstly,the basic situation of leisure physical activity and four kinds of social support(affective,informational,instrumental and peer)of college students in Shanghai was investigated.Secondly,the paper analyzes the differences in the amount of leisure physical activity and social support of exercise among different genders,grades and body mass index,as well as the differences between different degrees of social support for exercise and the level of leisure physical activity of college students.Finally,it analyzes the relationship between social support for exercise and the amount of leisure physical activity,and the influence of social support for exercise on the amount of leisure physical activity of college students.The research object and methods: using the method of random sampling,63 colleges and universities take 8 colleges and universities in Shanghai,a total of 875 college students into the questionnaire survey,the final questionnaire data included in the analysis of 830 college students,using descriptive statistics,chi-square,independent samples T test,single factor analysis of variance,the Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal Wallis test,spearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and other statistical methods.The results are as follows :(1)The frequency,average time and energy consumption of college students in leisure time in a week are the most,and the moderate intensity physical activity is the least.70.48% of college students do not meet the standard of leisure time physical activity.The high intensity and total physical activity of male students were higher than that of female(P < 0.01),and there was no significant difference in physical activity between different grades(P <0.05).There were differences among different body mass index classifications.In high intensity and total physical activity,there were significant differences between low body weight and normal and obese people(P <0.05).There was a significant difference between low and medium social support(P =0.023)and between low and high social support(P =0.002)in moderate physical activity.There was a significant difference between moderate and high social support(P =0.002)and between low and high social support(P < 0.001).In total physical activity,there was significant difference between low social support and high social support(P < 0.001),and between medium social support and high social support(P < 0.001).(2)The overall level of social support for exercise is relatively high.The types of social support for exercise obtained by college students are affective support,informational support,peer support and instrumental support in descending order.There were no significant differences among different genders,grades and body mass index(P <0.05).(3)four types of social support and social support score and physical activity on foot is not statistically significant(p > 0.05),and affective support and moderate physical activity is not statistically significant(p > 0.05),and the rest of the social support types and different intensity of physical activity were statistically significant(p <0.05).(4)Peer support can effectively predict moderate intensity,high intensity and total physical activity of college students.Peer support explained 0.7% variance of moderate physical activity,0.9% variance of high physical activity,and 0.9% variance of total physical activity.Research conclusions :(1)The recreational physical activity of college students in this study was mainly walking,and moderate physical activity was the least.Most college students do not meet the recommended amount of recreational physical activity.(2)There are significant differences in different genders,body mass index classification,social support degree and leisure physical activity.The level of recreational physical activity in men was better than that in women,and the level of recreational physical activity in obese people was better than that in low weight people.For moderate recreational physical activity,the amount of physical activity in moderate and high social support people was higher than that in low social support people.For high-intensity recreational physical activity,high social support groups had higher levels of physical activity than moderate and low social support groups.(3)College students get the most emotional support and the least instrumental support.There was no difference in social support of exercise among different genders,grades and body mass index.(4)Emotional support,informational support,instrumental support and peer support were positively correlated with high intensity and total physical activity.Informational support,instrumental support and peer support were positively correlated with moderate physical activity.Of the four functions,only peer support predicted moderate intensity,high intensity,and total physical activity.Exercise social support promoted leisure physical activity,but only peer support predicted leisure physical activity.