| Adolescents are a critical period for children to transition to adults and an important period for human development and development.Physical activity of adolescents is one of the important standards reflecting their health.Although the physical health of adolescents has been given priority in China,in recent years,with the popularization of electronic products and long sedentary problems,the myopia and obesity rate of adolescents have increased,and the amount of physical activity has been seriously insufficient.At present,all walks of life in our society have paid attention to the positive impact of social support on physical activity,as well as the role of exercise self-efficacy in promoting physical activity.However,in the previous studies,there was no detailed division of the research objects,and there was no deep analysis of the relationship between physical activity,social support and exercise self-efficacy.Therefore,based on the analysis of data on physical activity,social support,and exercise self-efficacy at home and abroad,this study aims at the deficiencies in the study of the relationship between physical activity and social support at home and abroad,and explores the difference between school periods and gender as the starting point.The relationship between adolescent physical activity,social support,and exercise self-efficacy was explored based on the structural equation model to explore the mediating effects of exercise self-efficacy.In this study,questionnaire measurement was used to divide 4,436 young people into three stages: primary school,junior high school and high school.Among them,1211 were in primary school,1537 were in junior high school,and 1688 were in high school.The data was analyzed and the following research results were obtained:(1)In elementary school,junior high school and high school,gender showed a very significant difference in adolescent physical activity(p<0.001);the gender difference in social support of adolescents did not reach significant Level(P>0.05);in the elementary school stage,the gender difference in exercise self-efficacy did not reach a significant level(P>0.05),while there was a very significant difference in the junior high school and high school stage(p<0.001).(2)The difference in physical activity of male adolescents in the school stage did not reach a significant level(P>0.05),social support showed a significant difference in the school stage(P<0.05),and exercise self-efficacy showed a very significant difference in the school stage(P<0.01);the physical activity of female adolescents showed a very significant difference in the school stage(P<0.001),the difference in social support in the school stage did not reach a significant level(P>0.05),and exercise self-efficacy showed a very significant in the school stage Difference(P<0.001).(3)In elementary school,there is a very significant correlation between physical activity and social support(r=0.255,P <0.01),and there is a very significant correlation between physical activity and exercise self-efficacy(R=0.435,P <0.01),there is a very significant correlation between social support and exercise self-efficacy(r=0.285,P<0.01);in the middle school,there is a very significant correlation between physical activity and social support(R=0.299,P<0.01),there is a very significant correlation between physical activity and exercise self-efficacy(r=0.428,P<0.01),there is a very significant correlation between social support and exercise self-efficacy(r=0.285,P<0.01);in high school,the correlation between physical activity and social support did not reach a significant level(P>0.05),and there was a very significant correlation between physical activity and exercise self-efficacy(r=0.501,P<0.01)The correlation between social support and exercise self-efficacy did not reach a significant level(P>0.05).(4)In the elementary school period,the intermediary effect value of exercising self-efficacy is 0.147,and the intermediary effect accounts for 43.24% of the total effect of social support on physical activity;Social support affects 38.28% of the total effect of physical activity;in high school,the mediation effect is not significant.In summary,the main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)In elementary school,junior high school and high school,the physical activity of boys is higher than that of girls;the degree of social support for boys and girls is not much different;for junior and high school students,boys’ sense of exercise self-efficacy is higher than girls.(2)The physical activity of boys is not much different in the three stages,the physical activity of girls is the highest in the elementary school,and the lowest in the high school;the social support for boys is the highest in the high school,the lowest in the middle school,and the social support for girls There is not much difference in the three grades;boys’ self-efficacy in exercise is the highest in the high school section,the lowest in the elementary school section,and finally the high school section.Girls’ self-efficacy in exercise is the highest in elementary school and the lowest in high school.(3)In elementary school and junior high school,there is a significant correlation between physical activity and social support for adolescents;in elementary school,junior high school and high school,the correlation between adolescent physical activity and self-efficacy is significant;in elementary and junior high school The correlation between adolescent social support and self-efficacy exercise is significant.(4)At the elementary and junior high school levels and the general youth level,self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role in social support and adolescent physical activity,with the mediating effect values being 0.147,0.165 and 0.125,respectively.In the middle school,the mediation effect is not significant. |
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