The Influence Of Human Capital On Urban Innovation And Its Heterogeneity Analysis

Innovation is the source of a city’s economic development and the central task of my country’s modernization.The 14 th Five-Year Plan regards “entering the forefront of innovative countries” as an long-term goal.But on the other hand,the innovation development in China is still insufficient and unbalanced.Highly educated talents possess rich knowledge and strong exploration ability,so they are the main force for innovation,and the level of human capital they represent is an important factor affecting the urban innovation.Therefore,exploring the relationship between human capital and urban innovation,sorting out the theories of the impact of human capital on urban innovation,and conducting empirical analysis will not only help to better play the role of human capital in promoting innovation,and it also provides an important reference to improve the urban innovation level in China.In the process of human capital effecting innovation,on the one hand,the impact of human capital on the level of innovation is not limited to the two factors.Many factors such as housing prices,the degree of population aging,and the cultural diversity brought by the migrant population will also have an impact.On the other hand,there is a two-way relationship between human capital and innovation,so there may be endogenous problems: while human capital promotes innovation,the development of innovation may also raise the price level in a city,which will have a crowdingout effect on the accumulation of human capital.If this endogenous nature is ignored,empirical analysis results may be biased.In the existing literature,the above two issues are less involved.In terms of theory,this paper sorts out the theoretical mechanism of human capital improving urban innovation.Then analyzes the heterogeneous effects of human capital on innovation when housing prices,population aging,and the migrants are different.In terms of empirical analysis,this article uses the national census data and a fixed-effect model.Also,the construction of instrumental variables weakens the endogenous problem.In addition,the three heterogeneous factors are included in the empirical model for analysis.The research results show that human capital has a positive role in promoting urban innovation.Instrumental variable estimate still supports this conclusion.In terms of heterogeneous factors,first,higher housing prices have a crowding-out effect on talents,which limits human capital in promoting urban innovation.Second,the physical condition and learning ability of the elderly are poor.The higher the aging of the city,the smaller the role of human capital in promoting urban innovation Third,the migrant population brings more cultural exchange opportunities to cities.In cities with more migrants,the more human capital will promote urban innovation.