| Since the implementation of reform and opening up in the 1980s,China has achieved unprecedented success in urbanization.As of the end of 2019,China’s urbanization rate has continued to increase to 60.60%,and the floating population is as high as 236 million.While the floating population provides strong talents for urban construction and development,it also brings pressure and challenges to urban management.In recent years,the migrant population has shown a trend of familyization.In 2019,there are approximately 35 million migrant children.To ensure the compulsory education of migrant children and improve the management and service level of the city,the Ministry of Education stated that"migrant children will be included in the government’s compulsory education development plan."At the same time,the"comprehensive two-child policy"is liberalized,and the urban school-age population continues to grow under the influence of the above two policies,which has brought tremendous pressure on the urban compulsory education resource system and threatened the sustainable development of the city.At this time,there is an urgent need to accurately measure the carrying level of urban compulsory education resources,and to provide decision-making basis for formulating improvement measures to improve the carrying level of urban compulsory education resources,so as to scientifically respond to changes in the school-age population and ensure sustainable urban development.The carrying level of urban compulsory education resources is mainly reflected in two aspects:the degree of adaptation of resource supply and demand scale and the space efficiency of supply and demand adaptation.This article studies the carrying status of urban compulsory education resources from the perspectives of supply and demand balance and spatial accessibility.,Mainly carried out the following research contents:1)The connotation of the urban compulsory education resource carrying capacity defined from the perspective of the"balance and spatial accessibility"of resource supply and demand.And put forward the focus of the performance of urban compulsory education resource carrying capacity under different research scales;2)Constructed a model to evaluate the urban compulsory education resource carrying capacity at the district scale,and used the collected data of compulsory education resources in the city proper of Chongqing from 2014 to 2018,conducted an empirical research;3)Constructed a model for evaluating the carrying capacity of urban compulsory education resources on sub-district scale,and conducted an empirical research based on the POI data of compulsory education schools and communities in the city proper of Chongqing in 2018;4)Based on the results of evaluation and analysis,put forward suggestions to optimize the carrying capacity of urban compulsory education resources in the city proper of Chongqing.Through the above research process,the following conclusions have been obtained:1)Research on the carrying capacity of urban compulsory education resources should be carried out from the two perspectives of balance and spatial accessibility of resource supply and demand.Research from a single perspective can easily lead to biased understanding and mislead the formulation of measures to enhance the carrying capacity of urban compulsory education resources in the later period;2)During the study period,the carrying status of compulsory education resources in each district was dynamically changing,and the trend of change was different.Theof the district that mainly in A1and A2 zone,showed a downward trend,and the problem of high carrying intensity of compulsory education resources in those districts were alleviated;The value ofin the districts,which mainly change in the A4 zone,shows an upward trend,and the utilization efficiency of the compulsory education carrier has been improved.Taking 2018as the time cut-off point,Jiulongpo District and Shapingba District are located in the A1zone.Jiangbei District,Yubei District and Banan District are located in the A2 zone,these districts have clear carrying pressure.Nan’an District and Beibei District are in the A3zone.Yuzhong District and Dadukou District are in the A4 zone,these districts have insufficient use of compulsory education resources;3)The overall accessibility of compulsory education in the main urban area of Chongqing is relatively poor and uneven distribution.From the perspective of all stages of compulsory education,the walkability of elementary schools is better than that of junior high schools;From the perspective of spatial distribution,the accessibility of compulsory education gradually decreases from the core urban areas to the suburbs,and goes deep into each urban area,the compulsory education accessibility between the urban and rural distribution is significantly different.The research results of this article are helpful to scientifically understand the current status of compulsory education resources in the main urban area of Chongqing,and provide a scientific basis for decision-makers to cope with changes in the urban school-age population and formulate specific measures to improve the status of urban compulsory education resources.It also has certain practical significance.In addition,in a theoretical sense,this article provides innovative research ideas and research paradigms for the research on the carrying capacity of urban compulsory education resources.This article breaks through the previous paradigm of studying the carrying capacity of educational resources from the single perspective of the scale of resource supply and demand,and proposes to evaluate the carrying capacity of compulsory education resources from the two perspectives of"balance and spatial accessibility"of resource supply and demand.From the perspective of"carrying state",it identifies the focus of the carrying capacity of the compulsory education resource carrying system under different spatial scales,so as to realize a more comprehensive and accurate study on the carrying capacity of urban compulsory education resources. |
