Investigation And Analysis On The Preparation Process Of Female Body-Building Athletes In Sichuan Normal University

Preparation competition is an important part of fitness athletes’ precompetition preparation.Reasonable arrangement of preparation period will lay a foundation for athletes to achieve excellent results.The Women’s Fitness Team of Sichuan Normal University(hereinafter referred to as the "team")has won the first place in the total score of the team in the Sichuan Provincial Fitness Championships and the National College Student Fitness Championships for many times.After 35 years of development,the fitness program has become a shining name card of Sichuan Normal University.By investigating the most successful preparation of 12 gymnastic athletes,this paper provides reference for Sichuan Normal University to sum up its successful experience in preparation,develop "fitness card" and improve the performance of female gymnastic athletes in universities.It is expected to play a positive role in enriching and perfecting the theoretical basis of the preparation process,reforming and developing the means of preparation and developing the fitness movement in colleges and universities.By means of literature,questionnaire,field investigation,expert interview,athlete interview,participative observation and mathematical statistics,this paper studies and analyzes the preparation conditions,comprehensive training,nutritional conditioning and competition results of women’s fitness representative team of Sichuan Normal University.The results are as follows:1.Preparation conditions of "representative team" athletes consist of venue environment and technical environment.The site environment consists of a gym and a laboratory,providing training support and scientific support respectively.There are psychology professors,fitness experts,star athletes and high-level athletes in the technical environment.2.The preparation period for "representative team" athletes usually starts 8 weeks before the competition,and the adaptation period is 2 weeks.The middle of the preparation period is the fat reduction period,which usually lasts 5 weeks.The postpreparation period is the sprint period,which usually lasts one week.As the preparation time goes on(except sprint period),the number of resistance training cycles increases,the main movement type tends to single joint movement,the main apparatus type tends to fixed apparatus,and the cycle interval and load tend to decrease.The order of the resistance training parts presents the characteristics of upper limbs first,then lower limbs,first lateral chain then lateral chain,first flexor muscle then extensor muscle;Pyramid pattern and single group exhaustion pattern are the main resistance training patterns.The purpose of aerobic training is mainly to reduce fat;The frequency of aerobic training was mainly 4-6 times/week.The time of aerobic training was concentrated in the adaptation period and fat loss period.The means of aerobic training are jogging,climbing and cycling.The duration of aerobic training was(31-60)min per day.The time of aerobic training is mainly under the empty state or resistance training.The start time of training focused on the adaptation period,the modelling of training frequency(week 1)-more than six times,the daily training time is given priority to with(10 to 30 min),training time after the main resistance training,training methods have mirror training method and the method of simulation training,training content contains provisions modelling,diy design training,walk training and expression training.Sixty-seven percent of the athletes did mental training,starting training in the fat loss period and sprint period.The application of simulation training method in psychological training accounted for 37%,the application of imagination training method in simulation training accounted for 63%.The training content is that the coach team uses imagery simulation to describe the scene and process of the competition through language.3.Nutritional conditioning,75% of athletes accounted for the calorie gap in 10%-15%.The range of daily nutritional intake is mainly(4-7)times.The overall nutritional intake structure presents the characteristics of "high protein-medium carbohydrate-low fat".4.The preparation goals of "varsity" star athletes are based on initial state diagnosis.Initial diagnosis includes five aspects: performance,special physical ability,body composition,circumference and achievement.The preparation period spans eight weeks.The first week to the third week is the adaptation period,starting with the initial condition diagnosis and preparation plan,and the main content is the adjustment of body function,maintenance of daily training and standard modeling.The fourth week to the seventh week is the fat reduction period,to improve the body as the main task,the training load is mainly medium and large load.The eighth week is the sprint period,the main task of this period is to restore physical fitness,maintain the dryness and girth of the body,mainly with medium and low training load.During this period,positive psychological intervention can promote the elimination of physical and psychological fatigue.In terms of nutritional conditioning,as time goes by,the energy supply ratio of protein is gradually increasing,while that of fat is gradually decreasing.The energy supply ratio of carbohydrate increased first and then decreased,presenting a nutritional structure of "high protein-medium carbohydrate-low fat".5.After the preparation period of the women’s fitness team of Sichuan Normal University,the overall performance of the competition is satisfactory.