| Since the 21 st century,China’s political,economic,cultural and social levels have been continuously improved,but the female fertility rate has been declining,and China has entered an era of "low birth rate,low death rate and low natural growth rate".At the same time,the accelerated aging of the population,the shortage of working-age population and other problems continue to aggravate,hindering the rapid growth of China’s economy,leading to the country’s population imbalance,so that the country gradually entered the aging society.Countries "separate two children" policy,the "comprehensive two children" policy in different degree of "cold",the implementation of the policy promoted the birth in a short time,but could not form the fertility rate in continue to rise,therefore,through in-depth understanding and care effect on female fertility intentions in two children,effectively promote the implementation of the "comprehensive two children" policy,improve women’s fertility rate,Increase the country’s demographic dividend and ease the aging of the country’s population.This study based on the theory of distribution of family time,"the child needs" theory,the theory of cost-benefit,use group in August 2019 of the resident infant and young child rearing and nursery service questionnaire,to have been training a child for women of childbearing age in this paper,the investigation object,research and care effect on female fertility intentions in two children,To provide childbearing age women with child care help,to build a policy to support women to have a second child.According to the research data,only 21% of women of childbearing age say they are willing to have a second child,while the remaining 79% say they are unwilling or do not want to have a second child,indicating that the overall level of childbearing age women’s willingness to have another child is low.Through the propensity score matching method,this paper finds that intergenerational care can effectively improve women’s willingness to have a second child.That is to say,when other conditions remain unchanged,the possibility that women with intergenerational care support are willing to have a second child is 2.4% higher than that of women without intergenerational care.This result is the average treatment effect after controlling for the matching between the treatment group and the control group with the relevant covariate.When adding interaction items,it was found that the older the first child was,the more women would like to have a second child,whether it was taken care of by parents or grandparents.Women are less likely to have a second child,whether it is taken care of by parents or grandparents,than if the first child is a girl or a boy.According to the results of the Logit regression showed that women’s age,educational background,nature of work,household registration,the husband and wife alone by nature,family income,whether living with their parents to the second child fertility intentions are significant,the influence of women’s age is smaller,high level of education,high agricultural census register,full-time properties,family income,and couple the dual family,live with their parents,The more women are willing to have a second child.Because intergenerational care can significantly promote women’s desire to have a second child,this study suggests that we should establish a correct concept of parenting,increase economic support for childbearing,improve the infant care service system,protect the equal employment rights of women of childbearing age,and speed up the construction of the old-age security system,so that parents can reduce the pressure of parenting and enhance their confidence in childbearing,We should improve the fertility rate of our population. |
