Effects Of Biological Agents On "Onion Thrips-cucumber"

The comprehensive effects of fermented bio-extracts and other biological agents on insect crops in the field and the control effects on Thrips alliorum(Priesner)are helpful to develop these biological agents into super biological agents of "fertilizer and pesticide integration".In this experiment,four treatments including fermented bio-extracts,wood vinegar solution,mixed solution and water control were set up to observe the response changes of the "Thrips alliorum(Priesner)-cucumber" system to the fertilization program.(1)The "short-term" poisoning and driving effects of self-made fermented bio-extracts and other biological agents on Thrips alliorum(Priesner)were determined.(2)The effects of "long-term" self-made fermented bio-extracts and other biological agents on the growth and population development of Thrips alliorum(Priesner),and the effects on the growth and anti-stress enzyme activities of cucumber leaves.The results showed that:(1)the fermented bio-extracts could produce certain toxicity to Thrips alliorum(Priesner).Except the original wood vinegar solution,the toxicity of wood vinegar solution with different concentrations to Thrips alliorum(Priesner)was low.The concentration of 10 m L/L wood vinegar and 20 m L/L homemade fermented bio-extracts had synergistic effect on the concentration of 1.25 m L/L matrine.When treated for 48 h,the concentration of 10 m L/L wood vinegar increased by 200% compared with the control,and the concentration of 20 m L/L self-made fermented bio-extracts increased by 123% compared with the control.However,when matrine reached a certain concentration,the synergistic effect of wood vinegar and homemade fermented bio-extracts on matrine was reversed.(2)The self-made fermented bio-extracts and wood vinegar had certain repellent effect on adult Thrips alliorum(Priesner),especially the high concentration wood vinegar.Wood vinegar had a significant synergistic effect on 5 m L/L matrine.When the treatment time was 15 min,it increased by 146% compared with the control.When the treatment time was 30 min,it increased by 97% compared with the control.When the treatment time was 60 min,it increased by 62% compared with the control.When the reaction time was 120 min,it increased by 37% compared with the control.(3)In the experiment of the effects of different treatments on the population dynamics of Thrips alliorum(Priesner),the mixed liquid treatment had a significant "inhibition" effect on the number of Thrips alliorum(Priesner)nymphs.At the fourth count(12/12)and the fifth count(12/15),they decreased by 65% and 76%,respectively,compared with the control.(4)the combination of wood vinegar(10m L/L)and fermented bio-extracts(20m L/L)could promote the increase of cucumber leaf number;Mixed liquid treatment increased by220% compared with the control in the later observation period.The total increase was115% higher than the control;The enzyme promoted the growth of cucumber plants and significantly increased the aboveground biomass of cucumber,an increase of 97% over the control group,that is,the fermented bio-extracts promoted the growth of insect-bearing plants significantly.Meanwhile,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutatione S-transferase(GST)in cucumber leaves were increased.Compared with the control group,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity increased by133%,glutathione S-transferase(GST)activity increased by 166%.In conclusion:(1)the self-made fermented bio-extracts has the potential to be developed as a biological agent for the control of Thrips alliorum(Priesner).The addition of wood vinegar can effectively reduce the population of thrips on plants,and the combination with matrine also has a certain prospect for the control of Thrips alliorum(Priesner).(2)Self-made fermented bio-extracts can effectively improve the "comprehensive" growth efficiency of cucumber plants with insect infestation at seedling stage.Therefore,self-made fermented bio-extracts is an excellent biological agent with the potential of developing into a "whole of fertilizer and pesticide".