"Liao 2" Instructional Design

"le₂"is a word that is frequently used in both spoken and written languages.The usage of"le₂"runs through the whole process of Chinese learning.So,"le₂"has always been the focus of grammar research and the focus and difficulty of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Research results about"le₂","le₂"of the ontology research and errors research in the majority,but few specifically for"le₂"a study on the teaching,mostly aimed at"le"overall,separate research of"le₂"is not much,pertinence is not strong.Therefore,on the basis of the existing research and practice results,this paper explains the common sentence patterns of"le₂",summarizes the usage rules of"le₂",and tries to design the teaching of"le₂",hoping to improve existing teaching deficiencies of"le₂".First of all,on the basis of previous studies,this paper defines"le₂",summarizes and supplements the ontological research of"le₂",including its grammatical meaning and usage rules,and summarizes the usage rules as follows:the modal"le₂"can appear and the modal"le₂"should not appear.Secondly,on the basis of the theory of error analysis,we take students'assignment and HSK dynamic composition corpus as the corpus source to analyze students'error when they use"le₂"and summarize the three common error types:omission,addition and confusion.Then we analyze error causes as follows:the complexity of"le₂"itself;over-generalization;problems of the textbook arrangement and so on.Based on the above analysis of the usage rules and errors,this paper design a special grammar teaching of"le₂",according to explain common usage of"le₂"and effective targeted training,in order to help students grasp the usage of"le₂"correctly and use properly.The special grammar teaching design of"le₂",through interpretation of the common sentence patterns to help the students comb the grammatical meaning and usage of"le₂",and combining errors types and error causes in the teaching to conduct targeted training on when to use"le₂"and when not to use"le₂",let the students to grasp the usage of"le₂"accurately and use correctly,in order to reduce the rate of students'errors.Put"le₂"in a specific structure to explain,constantly reproduce,and through a lot of sentence practice to make students say more correct sentences,meet the needs of daily communication.In the course of explanation,besides deductive method and induction method,situation method is mainly used,that is,students are guided to speak sentences by showing pictures and creating a real situation.In addition to the oral exercises in class,some written exercises are also included.These exercises are used to test the students'learning effect and deepen their understanding of the language points.From practice and feedback,we found that foreign students still have some common and solidified errors in the learning process of"le₂".After teaching,the overall rate of errors has decreased,especially the omission and addition has improved significantly.However,confusion has not improved after the teaching,still maintained a high rate of errors.Probably because of the modal particles are complex,coupled with the usage differences between"le₂"and several other modal particles are not well designed,so it is difficult for the students to grasp quickly.In addition,because this part is placed in the last part of the class,the students are tired and have little enthusiasm for learning,so the learning effect is not satisfactory.In this regard,I think it is necessary to enrich the teaching design of the part of confusion errors.At the same time,it is necessary to improve the classroom management ability,enrich teaching methods,and mobilize the enthusiasm of students when they are tired.In a word,I hope this design can provide some references for the teaching of "le₂".