The Chinese Construction "No More Than X" And Its Second Language Teaching Research

�Zai X Buguo� is a typical construction that expresses subjective polarity in Chinese.It is frequently used in both spoken and written language.It is also an important and difficult point in the process of Chinese acquisition by foreign students.This paper takes the construction �Zai X Buguo� as the research object,and uses a variety of methods such as the combination of diachronic and synchronic,qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the grammaticalization process of �Zai X Buguo�.This paper analyzes the characteristics of the construction from three aspects:semantics,syntax and pragmatics.This paper sorts out the problems that foreign students have in learning �X� through corpus analysis and questionnaire survey;analyzes the setting of �X� in the second language textbooks,and summarizes the problems in the textbooks.Finally,this article puts forward reasonable suggestions and instructional design for the �Zai X Buguo� second language teaching.This paper puts �Zai X Buguo� under the perspective of construction grammar,and judges it as a construction based on the pairing of its form and meaning and the�abstraction� of the overall meaning;by analyzing the corpus,it is inferred that the construction is developed by adding �Zai� on the basis of �X Buguo�.Based on the corpus of the Peking University(CCL)and the National Language Commission corpus,the paper explores the characteristics of the use of �X� as well as the syntactic and pragmatic functions of the construction �Zai X Buguo�.The �X�component is mainly adjectives,some mental verbs and a few nouns,and they have the same characteristics: they are of magnitude.The syntactic function of �Zai X Buguo� is flexible.�Zai X Buguo� can be used as a predicate,attributive,complement in a sentence,and as a small sentence in a compound sentence.�Zai X Buguo� also has pragmatic features such as discourse organization,focus highlighting,and expression of emotions and attitudes.This paper collects and analyzes the corpus of �X� used by international students in the HSK dynamic composition corpus and the Global Chinese interlanguage corpus.It also analyzes the results of the questionnaire and summarizes the existence of �X�.Problem: confuse �Zai X Buguo� with other structures;misuse of the �X� component;misuse of context,etc.Then this paper examines how different textbooks have set up the construction �Zai X Buguo�.Most current textbooks do not set the knowledge points of construction �Zai X Buguo�.EFinally,based on the ontology analysis of the construction,the setting of teaching materials and the acquisition of students,this paper puts forward specific teaching suggestions and designs teaching plans from the aspects of teaching materials and classroom teaching.ven ifThe innovation of this article is to survey and count a large number of real corpus,summarize the �X� grammatical evolution mechanism;through questionnaire survey and corpus analysis,systematically summarize the types of errors that foreign students often use in their use.This paper also combines ontology research and second language teaching well,instead of studying only ontology or teaching in isolation.