Study On Sanle Brick Carving Of Jin Tomb On Hedongnan Road

The southeast route of Henan was set up in the Jin Dynasty,and its jurisdiction included the area north of the Yellow River to the west of Wuzhi County,Henan Province.Since the 1950 s,a large number of golden tombs have been unearthed in the Jin Dynasty under the jurisdiction of Hedongnan Road.The Sanle brick carvings decorated in the tombs are the research objects of this paper.The author firstly used the same period as the main method and the same area as the supplementary method to sort out the ruins of Sanle brick carvings in the golden tomb;secondly,according to the content of Sanle brick carvings,it is divided into three categories: Zaju,music and dance,and Shehuo;Finally,using the methods of double evidence and analogy,the three types of Sanle brick carvings are further discussed.The Zaju on Hedongnan Road in the Jin Dynasty,inherited from the Northern Song Dynasty and descended from the Yuan Dynasty,is an important stage in the transition from Song Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty,and also an important link for Zaju to mature.The number of performers,the five basic roles and the system of accompaniment bands in Henanlu Zaju are all inherited from the Northern Song Dynasty.From the early to the middle and late Jin Dynasty,the change of the protagonists of the zaju opened up the precedent for Yuan Zaju to focus on "Dan" and "End".The distribution of Zaju brick carving sites on Hedongnan Road implies the shift of the center of development of Zaju from the early to late Jin Dynasty.The focus of Zaju has shifted from Jishan to Houma,which also hides the route of the development of Zaju in the Jin Dynasty.The music and dance on Jindaihe Southeast Road are small in scale,generally less than ten people.Maiko dance is a "turning step" that has been popular since the Song Dynasty.The accompaniment instruments for music and dance have different combinations,one of which is the combination of drums,clappers,jigsaws and flutes.This combination originates from Guguizi music.Another kind of combination often has no fixed form.The instruments used include pan flute,flute,sheng,bili,fang xiang,clapboard,etc.,which are called "fine music",and are characterized by beautiful rhythm.The content of the music and dance has a lot to do with the Song Dynasty court songs and Qu Po.The Shehuo music and dance programs on Jindai Hedongnan Road are very rich,such as holding gong dance,Manpai dance,Murata music,etc.,all of which are recorded in the literature.Shehuo music and dance express many wishes of the people,including the joy of a bumper agricultural harvest,and the prayers for auspiciousness in life.