| China's population aged 60 and over has increased from 126 million people in 2000 to 246 million people in 2018.As the elderly population continues to increase,the elderly are also showing grouping and multi-level characteristics.At the same time,the decline of traditional family pensions has made community home-based pensions a realistic option for "old and supportive",and has also put forward higher requirements for community home-based pension services.In terms of policy,in 2019,the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Development of Elderly Care Services",proposing "to ensure that by 2022,everyone can enjoy basic elderly care services and effectively meet the diverse and multi-level elderly care services for the elderly Demand.Based on the above background,the elderly can be divided into different groups according to urban and rural areas,age and other dimensions.Understanding the current status and influencing factors of home care service needs in their communities can better grasp the diverse and multi-level care service needs of the elderly.Based on urban and rural or special groups such as elderly and disabled elderly community home care service demand analysis is relatively mature,but there are few studies on community home care service needs and influencing factors of elderly people of different ages.this research is carried out from this.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter explains the research background,research significance,research ideas and methods,and innovation points and deficiencies of this research.It also defines the elderly care model,the content and needs of community home care services,and community home care services.The influencing factors of services and the inadequacy of community home care services have sorted out relevant literature at home and abroad.The second chapter mainly includes the concept definition and the theoretical basis.The concept definition clarifies the concept of community home care services in this study,and defines the age group of the elderly in this study,namely the lower age group(65-74 years),middle The elderly group(75-84 years old),the elderly group(85-94 years old)and the longevity elderly group(over 95 years old).Based on age stratification theory and Maslow's demand hierarchy theory,the possibility of community home aged care service needs and influence differences among elderly people in different age groups is analyzed.Intergenerational relationship theory and continuity theory are used to provide intergenerational support and subjective happiness Incorporating sensory factors into the influencing factors of home elderly care services in the elderly community provided theoretical support.The third chapter compares the needs of community home-based elderly care services of different age groups horizontally and vertically.Horizontally,the elderly have the highest needs for three services: visiting doctors and delivering medicine,providing health care knowledge services and spiritual comfort chat services,and the needs of long-lived and Low-aged elderly are higher than those of other age groups.Vertically,the demand of the elderly in all age groups for home-based elderly care services in each community shows a trend of first rising and then declining,and the proportion of the elderly with long life and the elderly with low age for home-based elderly care services in each community is the fastest growing.The fourth chapter analyzes the influencing factors of community home-based elderly care service demand of different age groups.For the young elderly,multiple intergenerational support variables have passed the significance test and show that intergenerational support can reduce their demand for community home-based elderly care services;for the long-lived elderly,the increase of disability and dementia in the health characteristics variables have a positive impact on their demand for community home-based elderly care services;the subjective well-being characteristics are significantly happier than that in the young age It reduces the elderly's demand for community home-based pension services,while the increase of loneliness increases the elderly's demand for community home-based pension services,which shows that subjective well-being has a certain impact on the elderly's demand for community home-based pension services.The fifth chapter summarizes the characteristics of the elderly's demand for homebased care and the shortcomings of the current community home-based care service supply.The main conclusions are as follows: the characteristics of the elderly's demand for community-based home-based elderly care services are that the overall level of demand is higher,the demand for medical care and spiritual comfort services is higher than that of other categories,and the demand for community-based home-based elderly care services is higher in the Low-aged group and the long-lived group compared with the other two age groups.There are three deficiencies in the supply of community home-based elderly care services: insufficient overall supply,inaccurate grasp of the elderly's demand for community home-based elderly care services,unbalanced supply and demand structure,inconsistent standards of the elderly's demand evaluation system,and incomplete content.The sixth chapter summarizes the development direction of community homebased elderly care services.First,combined with the demand characteristics of the elderly home care services in the elderly,this paper discusses how to identify the needs of the elderly in community home care services,and points out that "Internet plus" and big data provide technical support for identifying elderly community care services for the elderly.This paper discusses how to improve the supply system of community home-based elderly care service from three aspects: the promotion and innovation of the supply mode of community home-based elderly care service.Finally,it points out that the improvement of relevant policies and regulations,the establishment of community home-based elderly care service demand evaluation system and the construction of nursing staff are important guarantees for the development of community home-based elderly care service. |
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