Practical Research On Service Learning Applied To Moral Education In Primary And Secondary Schools

Practice creates the essence of Human beings.It is an important spiritual wealth of Marxian,Dewey and other practical theorists to explore the educational issues from the perspective of practice.Service-Learning is a kind of practical education mode that connects school and society,academic research and community service,and emphasizes the implementation of moral education in practice.The advanced experience of the United States and other countries or regions shows that Service-Learning do help to cultivate students' sense of civic responsibility,and improve students' morality.Applying Service-Learning to the practice of moral education will help to solve the problems faced by moral education in primary and secondary schools in China.At present,there are more research about the application of research Service-Learning in higher education,but fewer about how to implement it in basic education.There are more research about the advanced experience of the United States,China's Taiwan,China's Hong Kong and other countries or regions,but fewer about how to implement Service-Learning in combination with the actual conditions of our country.There are more research to study the theory of Service-Learning,but less to study specific practice.Our research started from the moral education of primary and secondary schools,and the national conditions of our country,discusseing how to combine Service-Learning with moral education of primary and secondary schools in specific practice,which is of great significance for the innovation of Service-Learning concept in theory and in practice.Starting from the concept,this paper try to expounds the basic concept of Service-Learning,traces back to the theoretical origin and historical development,and probes into the basic proposition of Service-Learning.Although Service-Learning was put forward in the 1960s,its theoretical origin can be traced back to the practical education concept of Marx,the works of Dewey,as well as the educational practice exploration of Kilpatrick and others.Service-Learning has developed for more than half a century,and has been enriched and improved in practice and exploration.At present,Service-Learning has become an educational method advocated by all countries in the world.Service-Learning advocates providing social services according to the actual needs,strengthening knowledge in participation,and promoting morality through critical reflection.This paper try to find out the practical needs of basic education in China and the function of Service-Learning in moral education.Practicality is the fundamental characteristic of moral education.At the same time,basic education especially needs real life situation,good interpersonal communication,and rational reflection and judgment,too.Service-Learning is a kind of practice,which can meet the practical needs of moral education in primary and secondary schools,help students to participate in specific moral practice,deepen the real life situation,establish a good relationship,and make rational reflection and judgment.These characteristics of Service-Learning can effectively improve the effect of moral education.This paper try to conclude the basic principles and to explore the steps that should be followed in the implementation of Service-Learning.Service-Learning needs to follow some basic principles,that is,the content should have rich knowledge penetration,the process should have rational reflection and judgment,students and others should establish a friendly and cooperative relationship,and the results should reach the common interests of both sides.The implementation steps of service learning include selecting the theme under the multi-faceted needs,preparing in combination with the existing resources,making plans based on students' discussion,taking the initiative to carry out actions,teachers guiding students to reflect regularly,summarizing the display and celebration of stage results,and promoting students' development through the achievement evaluation.By studying the moral education in primary and secondary schools under Service-Learning,and summarizing the existing cases,it is found that Service-Learning can be well combined with the practice of moral education in China.However,there may be some problems in the implementation of Service-Learning.In order to better implement Service-Learning,we need to improve the policies and regulations of Service-Learning,and strengthen the social resource conditions of Service-Learning.In the process of implementation,we must give full play to the main role of participating students,strengthen the independent cooperation between participating students,advocate the cooperative education between families and schools,and carry out in-depth critical reflection.To solve the potential practical problems of service learning is the key to make Service-Learning play a better role in moral education.