| The history of science is a hot topic in the field of science education The integration of the history of science into the science class can help to improve students' interest in science,enhance their understanding of the nature of science,cultivate their scientific spirit,and help students to understand knowledge,especially in primary school.In the 1980 s,the proposal of HPS education in the United States marked that the West began the exploration of integrating the history of science into science education.On the contrary,although the emphasis on the history of science is reflected in our country's policy and curriculum standards,it has not been put into practice yet.Based on this,this paper takes "the integration of the history of science into the primary school science curriculum" as research theme,and conducts an empirical research which based on theory and investigation,condenses out substantive solutions,provides a reference for the integration.This paper uses the literature research method firstly to know about the history of the integration,and sort out the relevant literature review.Then,making clear its application situation in textbooks by comparing different editions of primary science textbooks.Next,by class observations,grasping the current situation of the scientific history teaching.Finally,in the guidance of the observation and research purposes,developing the questionnaires and distributing them to the senior grade students in primary schools.Meanwhile,formulating an interview outline and interviewing all the science teachers in S primary school.The investigation has shown that,first,the curriculum standard lacks clear provisions on the history of science,therefore,there are some problems in the textbooks such as uneven distribution,single presentation and lack of evaluation;Second,although students hold a positive attitude to the history of science,but they have few channels to acquire it and lack the awareness of self-study;Third,most teachers recognize its educational value,but they are unable to consider the teaching design deeply because their scientific history literacy is not high,and their time and energy are not abundant,too.In conclusion,the key to the teaching design of scientific history lies in: the guarantee of the integration,the supplement of the evaluation,the solution of the shortage of class time,the improvement of teachers' accomplishment of the history of science,and the teaching method.In order to solve the problems above,this paper puts forward the following suggestions: firstly,teachers should consider the teaching objectives of the history of science when preparing lessons;Secondly,teachers should try their best to enhance their accomplishment of the history of science whether through active or passive way.Thirdly,before preparing lessons,teachers should sort out the relevant history of science,evaluate its teaching function to design specifically,and make it a certain teaching link to avoid be taught isolated,making good use of multimedia to present it in various forms.Fourthly,let student study independently after class and learn from each other in class in order to save class time.Fifth,in the teaching design,remember to consider the evaluation of the history of science.According to the summary above,this paper selects two classes of grade six as the experimental objects,the unit of "shape and structure" as the experimental content.Before and after the experiment,the students are required to have pretest and post-test.Through the observation of teaching experiment and the comparison between two tests,the above teaching suggestions are confirmed to be feasible and effective.This research also has shortcomings to be overcome.We hope that scientific educators can actively participate in the practical research of this subjects in the future,and work together to explore the effective ways to integrate the history of science in primary science class!... |
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