Research On The Reform Of The Departmental System Of China's High-level Universities From The Perspective Of Academic Ecosystem

The reform of the faculty is one of the important means to carry out the reform of internal management system and realize the construction of double first-class strategy.With the coming of the popularization of higher education,the scale expansion and function change of colleges and universities make the existing internal organizational structure a little difficult to operate.According to the existing division of disciplines,the talents cultivated by the faculties have been unable to meet the needs of increasingly comprehensive social work.The internal management of colleges and universities also has problems such as too many faculties,too small disciplines,too large management range,and serious barriers between disciplines.More and more knowledge and scientific research results are coming into being in the gap of subject classification.The rise of interdisciplinary and the construction of interdisciplinary platform are all giving birth to new organizational changes in Colleges and universities.In addition,academic power "floats" in Colleges and universities,and the imbalance of academic ecosystem caused by the long-term dominant position of administrative power needs to be solved.The internal situation is already like this,and it coincides with the implementation of the national strategy of "double first class",so it is imperative for high-level universities to carry out internal adjustment to cope with the change of external situation.In this context,high-level universities turn their eyes to internal organizational change to try to create new opportunities for development.The faculty,an interdisciplinary organization with academic power as the core,has become a "good recipe" for seeking solutions to optimize internal management,build first-class disciplines and cultivate innovative comprehensive talents of high-level universities.The faculty originated from the Corporation of teachers in the middle ages of Europe.The different academic organizations formed by the division of subjects are the rudiments of the Department.In 1999,Peking University took the lead in introducing the concept and concept of the faculty to carry out the reform of the faculty,which opened the prelude of the reform of the Faculty in domestic high-level universities.This study combs the current situation of the reform of the Faculty of domestic high-level universities from four aspects: the mode of establishment,the steps of reform,the functional orientation,the scope and quantity of the Department,and concludes that the general situation of the reform of the faculty is as follows: The establishment mode is divided into two types: "single college upgrading type" and "multi college multi unit integration type";the reform steps are divided into two types: "parallel development type" and "pilot before promotion type";the functional orientation of the Department is divided into two types: "top" type and "buffer belt".Most colleges and universities are cautious about the reform of the faculty,and adopt a conservative way of step-by-step,follow-up adjustment and follow-up.On the whole,although the reform of the faculty has made some achievements in discipline construction and internal resource allocation,there are still some outstanding problems because the faculty is still in the exploration stage in China.The unclear function orientation of the Department,the non proportional power and responsibility,the serious "amphibious" of the internal personnel,and the lack of supporting rules and regulations lead to the intensification of contradictions and numerous obstacles in the operation of the Department,and the role of the reform of the faculty cannot be maximized.Based on the above situation,using ecology from the perspective of academic ecosystem can help the reform of the Ministry of education to better carry out top-level design,and accurately find and solve problems with a holistic and global view.Whether it is the phenomenon of niche overlap and disorder caused by too many faculties and too many branches,or the problem of organizational niche loss caused by the emergence of new interdisciplinary,the key to solve the problem is to find the correct niche of the relevant elements of the faculty.Through the research and investigation,it is found that the key to solve the problem lies in finding the right niche between the school and the Department,academic power and administrative power,and the right niche of the internal staff of the Department.The main factors affecting the formation of these niches are the academic attribute,the disciplinary status,the organizational history and culture,and the original organizational structure.To find out the factors that affect the formation of these niches and understand the ways and paths of their impacts,to find out the accurate ecological niches for the relevant elements of the faculty can reduce the resistance of the reform of the faculty and maximize its effect,and to put forward the pertinent suggestions and plans for the organizational reform of the Department in high-level universities.