Research On The Construction And Application Of STEM Education Based Primary Schools Science Teaching Model

Science and technology are the foundation of national prosperity,innovation is the soul of national progress,scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization are the two wings of innovative development.Science education is an important way to effectively improve the scientific quality of the whole people,while science curriculum in primary school is the key to cultivate students' interdisciplinary problemsolving ability and spirit of inquiry and other comprehensive qualities.The integration of the curriculum is one of the important goals of the new curriculum reform.China's primary school science curriculum is in the transformation period from subject division to comprehensive reform.How to effectively realize the integration of the curriculum,so as to improve the current primary school science teaching emphasis on knowledge transmission,light the practice of inquiry,is an urgent problem to be solved in primary school science teaching.STEM education is a new form of education based on the integration of science,technology,engineering and mathematics.It embodies the idea of emphasizing ability development and practical application in the context of the new curriculum reform,and provides an opportunity for the reform of the teaching model of science curriculum in primary schools.However,from the perspective of relevant studies,there are many theoretical studies on science curriculum,teaching mode and STEM education in primary schools in China,and some practical studies on the application of STEM education mode in higher education.However,it is rare to introduce STEM education into the process of science teaching in primary schools and carry out relevant practical teaching.Based on this,this study conducts theoretical construction and practical exploration around the following parts:First,by reading a large amount of literature,this paper expounds the research background and significance of the paper.Based on the definition of relevant concepts,this paper sorts out the primary school science teaching model,teaching design,STEM education model and its application in primary school science,and puts forward the research content,methods and ideas.By way of literature,interview and audition,investigation,analyzed the primary school science teaching current situation and existing problems,made clear the "learning by doing",situated learning and constructivism theory as the primary school science teaching design theory basis,concise comprehensive,situational,exploratory,reflective and applied STEM education core characteristics.Secondly,based on the analysis of STEM education models,from the perspective of teaching design,the "6E" model proposed by the international association for technology and engineering education in the United States is taken as the prototype,and the manufacturing and project learning teaching models are integrated into the specific design link to construct a teaching model suitable for the content of engineering and technology in primary school science curriculum.The model is composed of three modules and eight links.The three modules are 6E module,teaching activity module and tool and resource module.Display finished products and raise questions;Group cooperation,collaborative exploration;Problem solving,knowledge interpretation;Hands-on operation,imitation manufacturing;Test optimization and collaborative improvement;Exhibition,sharing and communication of works;Works evaluation,reflection and perfection.Then,the constructed primary school science teaching model is applied to the real situation by designing teaching cases,and the effects of this teaching model in improving learning interest and scientific literacy are verified by means of questionnaire survey and interview.Finally,through the analysis of the questionnaire data of the experimental group and the control group,it was found that the students in the experimental group were more interested in learning and scientific literacy than those in the control group.In order to further verify the effect of this model,the author selected teachers and students to conduct in-depth interviews.The practice showed that this model had certain effect.The research shows that: first,the primary school science teaching "back science" and other problems,it is urgent to build a comprehensive,inquiry,practical primary school science teaching model;Second,based on the "6E" model as the prototype,the primary school science teaching model based on STEM education was constructed with the manufacturing model and project learning model as the guidance when designing the specific teaching activities.Thirdly,the model is applicable to the content of engineering and technology in primary school science curriculum,which plays a positive role in improving learning interest,teaching effect and scientific inquiry ability.