The Research On Teaching Strategies To Improve The Standard Putonghua Level Of Secondary Vocational School Students In Fuzhou Dialect Area

Secondary vocational education is an integral part of education in China.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,secondary vocational colleges have ushered in a good development opportunity.The state clearly proposes to continue to vigorously develop vocational education and accelerate the cultivation of high-quality skilled talents.Putonghua is the common language of the modern Chinese nation.Speaking Putonghua well plays a prominent role in communication,employment and career choice,which is of great significance for the development of secondary vocational students.Under the background of language poverty alleviation,it is the duty of Chinese teachers in secondary vocational schools to think about how to improve teaching strategies,help secondary vocational students improve their Putonghua level,and then improve their language ability.Speaking standard Putonghua is of great significance to the employment and development of secondary vocational students.In the process of Putonghua learning,Fuzhou vocational school students need to improve their level of Putonghua due to the negative transfer of their dialects.Based on the theory of negative transfer,this paper analyzes the differences between the phonetic system of Fuzhou dialect and Putonghua,by means of questionnaire survey,sample phonetic test and comparative study.The present situation of Putonghua acquisition of secondary vocational school students in Fuzhou dialect area is acquired,the influencing factors of negative transfer of dialect are analyzed,the types of pronunciation errors are summarized,and the corresponding teaching strategies are put forward.Based on the characteristics of teaching objects,this paper discusses the importance and particularity of improving the Putonghua level of vocational students in Fuzhou dialect area.Through comparison,this study finds some differences in the phonetic system between Fuzhou dialect and Putonghua: for example,Fuzhou dialect does not have some opposite features of the initial consonants of Putonghua,and there are nasal finals and the ancient entering tones in Fuzhou dialect.The investigation and analysis of the students' pronunciation shows that their Putonghua pronunciation is affected by the negative transfer of Fuzhou dialect,mainly in four aspects:pronunciation loss,pronunciation increase,pronunciation confusion and pronunciation misreading.According to the four kinds of errors,combined with the characteristics of students,this paper puts forward teaching strategies from three aspects: to create a good language environment for learning Putonghua;to optimize Putonghua teaching methods such as language contrast,etc.Carrying out Putonghua acquisition errors of secondary vocational school students in Fuzhou dialect area from the aspects of initials,finals,tones to provide pronunciation guidance.At the end of the paper,three difficulties in learning Putonghua for secondary vocational students in Fuzhou dialect area are selected to show the teaching cases.The comparative data before and after the test shows that the teaching strategy proposed in this paper has significantly improved.The Putonghua proficiency test results of secondary vocational school students in Fuzhou dialect area,which lays a foundation for the secondary vocational students to go to work in the future,shape a good image and engage in related occupations.