Research On The Impact Of Technological Innovation Spillover Capacity Of Colleges And Universities On The Incubation Efficiency Of National University Science And Technology Parks

In recent years,as an important platform for promoting cooperation between politics,industry,academia and research,the university science park has attracted the attention of the Chinese government and society,and has emerged throughout the country in a short period of time.It has contributed to the industrial technological progress and regional economic development.The development level of the university science park mainly reflects its ability of scientific and technological innovation and enterprise incubator.The sustainable development of university science parks largely relies on a variety of innovative resources provided by universities,such as scientific research talents and achievements.These resources are also the basic conditions for university science parks to successfully carry out incubation activities.This shows that universities as the core subjects of university science parks play a very important role in the development of the university science parks.In view of this,this article takes the national university science parks and universities as research objects.Firstly,the paper analyzes the development of university science parks from three parts: the development history,geographical distribution and incubation status;secondly,the paper calculates the incubation efficiency of national university science parks in 25 provinces by the three-stage super-efficiency DEA model and analyzes the spatial differences and spatial association patterns.Thirdly,128 universities which are the main bodies that 104 university science parks in 25 provinces rely on are used as evaluation objects.Based on the data of the collaborative application for patents and patents transferring in universities,enterprises,research institutions,etc.,the technological innovation spillover capacity of universities is calculated by using entropy method.And its spatial distribution characteristics are analyzed.Finally,the paper studies the impact of technological innovation spillover capacity of universities on the incubation efficiency of university science parks by a hybrid regression model.And preliminary explores the spatial expansion law of university science parks.The results show that:(1)After university science parks have entered stable development stage,the number has continued to increase,the cumulative number of graduated companies has increased year by year,and the development quality of parks has also been steadily improved.However,university science parks still have problems such as uneven geographical distribution and poor development of incubating enterprises.(2)In terms of incubation efficiency,compared with the first stage,the national average incubation efficiency measured in the third stage has dropped to a certain extent,but the incubation efficiency of many provinces has been effectively improved.During the study period,the incubation efficiency of the national university science parks in Beijing,Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces has achieved DEA effectiveness.The high-efficiency zone is mainly composed of a few provinces in the east coast and the central part.The three northeastern provinces and most of the central provinces are mostly located in the middle-efficiency zone,and the low-efficiency zone generally consists of most western provinces.(3)In terms of spatial correlation characteristics of regional incubation efficiency,from 2016 to 2018,the incubation efficiency of national university science parks in neighboring regions have a weak positive correlation,and form a weak agglomeration pattern across the country.In the local spatial agglomeration pattern,the H-H type of agglomeration is the dominant mode,and it shows strong stability characteristics.(4)The level of technological innovation spillover capability of universities in various provinces shows similar characteristics to the level of regional economic development.The technological innovation spillover capability of Beijing,Jiangsu and Shanghai are always at a higher level,and the technological innovation spillover capacity of universities in most provinces shows a trend of steadily increasing at first and then declining.The spatial pattern characteristics of the technological innovation spillover capacity of universities from 2014 to 2018 are not exactly the same.On the whole,the technological innovation spillover capacity of universities in eastern region is relatively high,and that of universities in the central and western regions is relatively low.(5)There is a significant positive correlation between the technological innovation spillover capacity of universities and the incubation efficiency of university science parks.Cases analysis shows that,to a certain extent,it can be considered that the university science park that relies on university with higher technological innovation spillover capability will receive more technical support,thereby incubating more companies and making it easier to achieve radiation remote development.It is expected to help the university science park to move towards the world's high-level university science park.