Research On The Cultivation Of Students' Physical Experiment Observation Ability In Junior Middle School

Physics is an experimental science.The observation of physical experiment is the starting point of physics learning.Students' observation ability of physical experiment is also one of the components of physics learning ability.With the advent of the era of knowledge economy and the deepening of the reform of physics education,educators pay more and more attention to the improvement of students' ability and literacy.Studying the physical experiment observation ability and its development law of junior middle school students will help teachers establish the goal of cultivating students' experimental observation ability,provide feasible suggestions for cultivating students' experimental observation ability,and improve the effect and efficiency of physics experiment teaching.On the one hand,cultivating students' physical observation ability can be the basis of learning physical knowledge,on the other hand,it can also comprehensively improve students' scientific literacy,make experimental teaching play its due educational function,achieve the educational goal of improving students' core literacy of physics in the new curriculum reform,and urge schools and teachers to pay attention to the development of students' innovative ability and practical ability.Talking about the research object is the students of second grade of junior middle school.This study combined with the theories of pedagogy,psychology and physical educational psychology,this paper makes an in-depth investigation and Analysis on the existing observation level of physical experiments of grade two students by using the research methods of literature analysis and questionnaire survey.The results of the research will provide some theoretical guidance for investigating students' physical observation ability and cultivating students' physical observation ability.The work and achievements of this paper are as follows:On the basis of literature analysis,the observation ability of junior middle school students' physical experiments is defined as: in the process of learning physical knowledge,solving physical problems and scientific innovation,according to a certain purpose and plan,directly use the senses or instruments and equipment to perceive the experimental objects,so as to obtain reliable physical evidence,and reasonably analyze the personality psychological characteristics that can draw observation conclusions.According to the development stage of students' observation ability in current educational psychology,the development of students' physical experiment observation ability is divided into the following three stages: the stage of preliminary perception of physical experiment,the stage of focusing on the key characteristics of physical things and the stage of deeply grasping the essence of physics.Based on the analysis of students' psychological characteristics of observation,this paper puts forward the constituent elements of junior middle school students' physical observation ability,that is,observation quality: selectivity and comprehensiveness of observation,agility of observation,profundity and accuracy of observation and flexibility of observation.At the same time,considering that the observation quality is also affected by non intelligence factors when reflected through observation activities,the non intelligence factors and observation quality are organically combined to construct the questionnaire and evaluation index of observation ability.Through the questionnaire survey,it is found that the overall situation of students' physical observation ability is above medium,and the development of each quality is relatively balanced;In order to more truly understand the observation ability of students' physical experiments,two physical experiment observation activities were carried out,and students were required to fill in the experimental observation form to evaluate the observation effect of students.However,the conclusions obtained from the actual observation activities were inconsistent with the conclusions obtained from the questionnaire: Most of the observation ability of junior middle school students' physical experiments were in the stage of preliminary perception of physical experiments,Some students can reach the stage of focusing on the key characteristics of physical things,and the development of each observation quality is uneven,among which the development level of flexibility is the lowest.Therefore,in physical experiment teaching and ordinary teaching,we must pay attention to the understanding of experimental observation,pay attention to the cultivation of students' physical experiment observation ability,and strengthen the guidance of experimental observation methods and skills.