Spatial Layout And Optimization Of Public Service Facilities In Kaifeng Urban Area From The Perspective Of Aging

In the context of healthy aging and equalization of basic public services,the rationality of the spatial configuration structure of public service facilities based on the needs of the elderly is not only the key to achieving equity in regional access to resources,but also the key to the enjoyment of high quality of life for the elderly in the future.As families become smaller and empty-nesting of families and the transformation of social and economic structure,institutional elderly care as an important way of social elderly care in China has a very prominent position in the future development of aging.At the same time,as the elderly grow older and their physical functions continue to decline,the demand for medical service facilities becomes increasingly prominent.Therefore,reasonable regulation of the relationship between the supply and demand of public service facilities represented by the elderly and medical care and the elderly population is important to cope with the development of aging and improve the quality of life of the elderly.The paper takes Kaifeng urban area in the central underdeveloped traditional plain area as an example,adopts Worldpop data,combines with the seventh census data for data correction,establishes a more detailed population grid database,uses nuclear density analysis method,nuclear density type 2SFCA model and locational configuration model,et al.,to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the elderly population and public service facilities in Kaifeng urban area and the spatial variation characteristics of the accessibility level of public service facilities in Kaifeng urban area and the influencing factors.and on this basis,uses network analysis,spatial overlay,location allocation model,etc.,to analyze the spatial optimization of elderly and medical service facilities,the conclusions are as follows.Firstly,The degree of aging in the Kaifeng urban area is deepening,showing a trend of gradually spreading from the central area to the periphery,with significant differences between urban and rural areas in public service facilities,showing obvious spatial clustering characteristics.Among them,the population aging in the central old urban area of Kaifeng is growing fast,with a high degree of agglomeration,and has gradually entered the late stage of aging.The spatial dispersion of elderly service facilities is obvious,showing a gradually decreasing circle distribution trend from the center to the periphery.The spatial distribution of medical service facilities is more clustered,and there is a central clustering peripheral sporadic distribution characteristics.Secondly,The spatial distribution of the accessibility level of public service facilities varies significantly,showing the characteristics of circle distribution with significant high-value clustering in the central part and significant low-value clustering at the edges.The accessibility of the elderly service facilities forms a "block" distribution with the center of Beijiao Township decreasing from east to west,while the accessibility of the medical service facilities shows a circle distribution from the center to the periphery.Thirdly,The influence of the elderly population and road network accessibility on the accessibility of public service facilities varies significantly by region.The accessibility of public service facilities is higher in the central region because of its well-developed public service facilities and dense transportation road network;in the suburban areas in the central periphery,the scale of demand is the main reason why the accessibility level is slightly lower than that of the central old city;for the peripheral areas,the lack of facility supply and the low accessibility of road network are the main reasons for the lower accessibility of service facilities.Fourthly,Using the Network module and spatial overlay tool in Arc GIS and the zone configuration model,the optimization analysis found that the overall accessibility level of elderly and medical service facilities improved significantly after optimization,the range of high-value zones increased significantly,the accessibility level differences between regions decreased slightly,and the spatial distribution tended to be slightly balanced.