The Research On Reconstructed Design Of Rural Public Space In Western Hunan From The Perspective Of Gestalt Theory

As a comprehensive place for the daily activities of villagers,rural public spaces have a very important position in the countryside and are also an important carrier for the continuation of villagers’ emotional memories.Therefore,this paper takes the Gestalt psychology theory as the research perspective,relying on the background of the era of rural revitalization,which can carry out research on the reconstruction and design of rural public space in western Hunan Province.In order to create a regional and diversified shared place space,so that it is closer to the psychological demands of local villagers.This paper first sorts out and analyzes the core theoretical concepts and viewpoints of"mental field","holism" and "heterogeneity" in Gestalt theory,and the design principle of"organizational law",which can establish the application combination point of reconstructed design.Based on the current development status of rural public space,combing the relationship between rural public space and emotional memory and local culture,it clarifies the core point of rural reconstruction design.Based on this,the paper takes Hengling Village,Pingtan Village and other villages in western Hunan as research objects.Through the PSPL research method and questionnaire interview,it evaluates and analyzes the rural areas in western Hunan with node space,street space and place space,which can obtain the different characteristics of rural public space.Using psychology-related analysis methods such as SD and POE,and visual analysis methods of perception,it is possible to obtain the cultural,functional,and behavioral needs of villagers and tourists in the public spaces of different villages,and to find commonalities in spatial scale,environment and other issues.In addition,the use of SPSS software to analyze the questionnaire data,that can get the rural public space vitality impact factors in turn for location location,daily leisure,folk customs,etc.,so that it is convenient for the subsequent reconstruction of public space practice application.Subsequently,from the perspective of "holism" and "heterogeneous isomorphism"in Gestalt theory,it can deeply analyze the characteristics and functions of rural public space.Combining the application of gestalt "organizational law" and "mental field",It proposes the design methods of wholeness,equilibrium,similarity,continuity and collectivity and the design concept of "memory,time and space" isomorphism.In order to solve the common problems of public space in the rural areas of western Hunan and meet the various needs of the group.It proposes an "emotion-memory" design approach for public node spaces,which hopes to activate the overall spatial vitality of the countryside.The design process is "discover-perceive-refactor-present",Combining people’s emotional memory,perceptual experience,and the influencing elements of spatial vitality,it has carried out practical research on the reconstruction of the public space of Drum Tower in Hengling Village,Huaihua City.The departure of the villagers’ spatial experience and psychological perception,and the corresponding continuity design was carried out for the appearance form,construction technology,functional space,indoor environment and other aspects of the Drum Tower.In terms of the development planning of the village space,Combined with the overall form,public space,place environment and other aspects,so that the establishment of cultural,ecological and livable development model.It can awaken the emotional memory of the villagers to the rural space.