Research On The Design Of Bashang Boarding Primary School Dormitory Based On Thermal Comfort

Currently in China,there is an imbalance in the development of teaching buildings between urban and rural areas,with relatively poor conditions for rural primary schools,which are also widely scattered.With the implementation of the "merging and integrating" policy in the early 21 st century,more and more rural primary schools have been merged and expanded,resulting in the emergence of dormitory buildings for rural boarding schools.Bashang area,located at the junction of Hebei Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,has a long and cold winter.Due to the restriction of local rural economic conditions,technical level and the lack of experience in designing indoor thermal environment of boarding primary school dormitory,the thermal performance of dormitory buildings is generally poor,resulting in the low thermal comfort level of boarding primary school students in winter.It has seriously affected students’ physical and mental health.Located at the junction of Hebei Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,the Bashang region is economically backward,with long and cold winters and poor thermal performance of houses.This has led to a generally low level of thermal comfort for local boarding school students during the winter,which seriously affects their physical and mental health.To study the thermal comfort conditions of boarding school dormitories in the Bashang region,this article takes the boarding schools in the Bashang region as the research object and uses on-site measurement,questionnaire survey,literature investigation,and simulation analysis to explore optimization measures to improve the thermal comfort of boarding school dormitories in the Bashang region.First,based on the climate characteristics of the Bashang region,the existing dormitories of boarding schools in the Bashang region were surveyed,and the problems of the thermal environment of the existing dormitory buildings were analyzed from the aspects of floor plan layout and enclosure structure according to the current situation.Next,the dormitory of Heishanzui Primary School was selected for on-site thermal environment measurement,and a thermal comfort questionnaire was distributed to students in the corresponding rooms.Combining the results of the current situation survey,on-site measurement,and questionnaire survey,it was found that the problems with the indoor thermal environment of boarding school dormitories in the Bashang region at this stage are: large temperature differences in different dormitory locations,low thermal satisfaction,and low air temperature.Combined with statistics during the coldest period,the measured content was compared and analyzed with the questionnaire results,and it was found that the neutral temperature for local elementary school students is 21.20℃,and the thermal comfort temperature range for 90% of students is 20.86-21.58℃.Secondly,based on the problems currently existing in boarding school dormitories in the Bashang region,and taking into account the local climate and economic conditions,as well as the thermal comfort temperature range,the West Ganguo Primary School was used as an example to carry out optimization simulation from the aspects of floor plan layout and enclosure structure,using the De ST simulation software to optimize the thermal environment of boarding school dormitories in the Bashang region.Finally,according to the optimization strategy,a design plan was made for the dormitory of Wuhao Village Primary School in Duolun County.The De ST software was used to simulate the indoor thermal environment of the design plan to verify the feasibility of the thermal environment optimization design for boarding school dormitories in the Bashang region.Through this study,suitable optimization strategies for the current thermal environment problems were summarized for boarding school students in the Bashang region.