Research On Evaluation And Optimization Strategy Of Industrial Heritage Landscape Based On Reuse Pattern

With the rapid development of urbanization,a large number of factories in the city have gradually moved to the suburbs of the city,making a large number of industrial relics in the city idle or abandoned.Industrial relics not only reflect the contents of sociology,history,architecture and industrial technology,but also are important industrial historical relics with artistic enlightenment and scientific significance.Some industrial relics have become industrial heritages with important historical and cultural value.The existing industrial heritage has experienced the development process of build-development-depression,and is also the witness of the improvement of human industrial level and the historical development of the city.Industrial heritage plays an important role in disseminating the personality,the story of urban development and even the spirit of cities.How to reasonably reuse industrial heritage has gradually become a hot field in urban renewal.Industrial heritage landscape is of great significance to the improvement and utilization of industrial heritage value.Therefore,this paper adopts a systematic approach from multiple disciplines and perspectives to carry out research on landscape evaluation and optimization design strategies that adapt to the reuse mode of industrial heritage,which has important practical significance for improving the reuse benefits and protection and inheritance of the current industrial heritage.On the basis of sorting out the relevant connotation and theories of industrial heritage landscape design,this paper makes a detailed analysis and demonstration of the research object of this paper.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)By combing the utilization practice and literature of industrial heritage at home and abroad,this paper summarizes five main utilization modes of industrial heritage at present:creative industry park mode,landscape park mode,museum mode,leisure shopping mode and other reuse modes.The mode of creative industry park is to retain the original state of the industrial plant,especially the factory building,on a large scale and slightly transform it,so as to form a new industrial comprehensive park integrating production and trade,leisure or residence,with the innovation industry as the core,and with distinct industrial cultural characteristics.Landscape park mode is based on a good green environment,intermingled with industrial culture and industrial elements,in which visitors can enjoy,rest and carry out scientific,cultural,sports and other activities in the public green space.Natural landscape is the keynote of the park,and industrial heritage is the theme of the park.The museum model is based on the real history of the industrial relic reasonable preservation and transformation,in the form of "museum display" presented to the public,can be divided into indoor museum and outdoor museum;The leisure shopping mode takes industrial heritage sites as the environmental atmosphere.On the basis of maintaining the integrity and authenticity of industrial heritage,it inherits and creates industrial culture and characteristics,introduces a variety of commercial forms,and attracts people to travel and consume.Other reuse modes are relatively small and diversified,such as integrating education,vacation residence,office,industrial new town,etc.(2)The evaluation system of industrial heritage landscape is constructed based on the reuse conceptThrough the integration of Internet data,field research,literature review,expert evaluation and questionnaire survey,the influence factors related to experts,tourists and literature are obtained,and the inappropriate or repetitive indicators are removed through expert evaluation and screening.The evaluation index system of industrial heritage landscape is constructed with natural landscape,industrial culture landscape,facility landscape,experiential landscape and overall landscape as the criterion layer,and 21 specific indicators affecting the evaluation system of industrial heritage landscape are determined from these five levels,which provides the evaluation reference standard for the quantitative evaluation analysis in the following paper.(3)Using IPA analysis method to evaluate and analyze the utilization mode of typical industrial heritage in NanjingBased on the data and field research of multiple industrial heritages in Nanjing,including the analysis of Nanjing’s industrial history,the type characteristics of industrial heritage,the status quo of industrial heritage protection planning,the status quo of industrial heritage reuse,etc.,On this basis,three industrial heritage examples under different reuse modes(Chengguang1865 Creative Industry Park,Jiangsu Garden Expo Garden Regeneration Garden,Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum Museum)are selected to conduct detailed investigation and questionnaire survey on the three samples.On the basis of standardized processing of survey data,Using IPA analysis method,the satisfaction--importance analysis was carried out on a single evaluation index and evaluation system of industrial heritage with different reuse modes.According to the evaluation results of importance and satisfaction,the four-quadrant matrix graph was made to obtain the satisfaction--importance analysis results of each industrial heritage park index.(4)Based on the evaluation results,the optimal design strategy of industrial heritage landscape under the reuse mode is proposedThe universal renewal strategy of industrial heritage reuse landscape design is preservation,renewal and rebirth design.In the targeted optimization strategy of industrial heritage landscape design,(1)the mode of creative industry park: the combination of distinct personality and coordinated environment,creating industry in line with heritage characteristics,innovation enabling and sustainable development,diversified art design,structure landscape and space compound;(2)Landscape park mode: interactive landscape,sustainable design,humanized space,landscape ecological design,landscape hierarchical design,reconstruction of green landscape system;(3)Museum mode: integrating high-tech experience mode to enhance experience and immersion;(4)Leisure shopping mode: clear the use of industrial elements,mining regional cultural characteristics to enhance experience to drive consumption;(5)Other reuse modes: clear industrial culture and meet functional requirements.In addition,the five reuse modes in the field stratum face are analyzed and the strategies for improving the landscape index are put forward.(5)Empirical analysis of landscape design promotion strategy of Nanjing 1865 Creative Industry ParkTaking Chenguang 1865 Creative Industry Park as an example,in terms of the overall landscape,the transformation design was carried out according to the overall landscape diversity,aesthetics and problems reflected in the survey.Special landscape design for public space design,park road paving,experience facilities,green landscape,signs and other transformation scheme design,in order to provide new thinking for the renewal of Nanjing industrial heritage landscape.In terms of the overall layout,the existing traffic flow lines and landscape nodes are sorted out,six functional areas are re-integrated and divided,and three industrial cultural story sightseeing flow lines(cultural landscape axis,experience landscape axis,waterfront landscape belt)are associated and optimized.The focus is on building four main landscape nodes and six secondary landscape nodes to organically connect each landscape.And further select the landscape nodes in each functional zone for special transformation.In the design of public space,we should appropriately increase the rest space,strengthen the place spirit of the square space,appropriately select the location to design the thematic space for children’s science popularization and education,and sort out the arrangement of plants in the waterfront space and integrate the ecological concept.Park pavement seeks change and sense of industrial culture in the unified style;Increase experience facilities to improve the accessibility of the park;Systematic transformation of green landscape to enrich plant species and planting forms;Perfect sign system setting to meet the diverse needs of modern people.