Research On The Spatial Distribution And Type Characteristics Of Historical And Cultural Villages And Towns Along The Taihang Baxing

The formation of historical and cultural villages and towns in China is closely related to the linear cultural heritage that highlights human civilization.At present,linear cultural heritage has attracted widespread attention from various sectors of society,but it mainly focuses on large-scale cultural routes and southern regions,with relatively weak research on northern ancient roads.With the rapid development of rural revitalization,the protection of historical and cultural villages and towns in China is increasingly valued.However,due to the destruction of modern transportation and the rapid advancement of urbanization,the traditional pattern and style of historical and cultural villages and towns along the route have been damaged to varying degrees.Taking linear cultural heritage as the vein to connect historical and cultural villages and towns along the northern ancient road Taihang Baxing,this study explores the spatial distribution and type characteristics of historical and cultural villages and towns,quantitatively compares the value characteristics of each historical and cultural village and town heritage belt along the line,and proposes targeted protection strategies.This has important practical significance for studying the protection and development of historical and cultural villages and towns along the linear cultural heritage line.This article takes 397 historical and cultural villages and towns along the Taihang Baxing route as the research object,and conducts a study on their spatial distribution,type characteristics,and value characteristics protection.Firstly,the spatial distribution characteristics of historical and cultural villages and towns along the line are studied by using GIS spatial analysis method.Secondly,classify historical and cultural villages and towns along the Taihang Baxing route according to their natural landforms and regional functions,and analyze the site selection pattern,street space,and residential architectural characteristics of each type of village and town.Thirdly,establish a value characteristic evaluation system from four aspects: material cultural heritage,intangible cultural heritage,natural landscape,and cultural dissemination impact,and use the Analytic Hierarchy Process to quantify the value characteristics of historical and cultural villages and towns along the Taihang Baxing.Finally,based on the spatial distribution,type characteristics,and value characteristics of historical and cultural villages and towns along the Taihang Baxing,protection and development strategies are proposed from three aspects: overall,grading,and classification.The research results show that the historical and cultural villages and towns along the Taihang Baxing route exhibit a cohesive distribution pattern in terms of overall distribution characteristics.In terms of spatial distribution density,it shows overall dispersion and local agglomeration,with high-density agglomeration in the border area between Taihangxing and Baixing,the middle section of Jingxing,and the northern section of Feihuxing;medium density agglomeration in the middle section of Fukouxing;and low density agglomeration in the northern section of Zhiguanxing.The overall performance is characterized by a spatial distribution of "low mountains and gentle slopes,close water and long roads,and sparse population".The historical and cultural villages and towns along the Taihang Baxing can be divided into three types based on natural landforms: flat prototype,hilly type,and mountainous type.According to regional functions,they can be divided into four types: military defense type,commercial trade type,traditional agricultural type,and characteristic industrial type.In terms of value characteristics,the historical and cultural villages and towns along Taihangxing,Jingxing,and Fukouxing have a relatively high level of value characteristics,while the historical and cultural villages and towns along Zhiguanxing,Baixing,and Feihuxing have a relatively average level of value characteristics,while the historical and cultural villages and towns along Junduxing and Puyinxing have a relatively low level of value characteristics.