Investigation Of Cucumber Diseases And Insect Pests,and Its Green Control In Baisha County,Hainan Province

Baisha Li Autonomous County is located in the middle and west of Hainan Island,with steep terrain,high in the southeast and low in the northwest.The territory of large terrain ups and downs,the total amount of arable land,and dry and wet season is obvious.Cucumber is one of the most common crops people eat at ordinary times and has a certain planting basis in Baisha County.In order to fully understand the present situation of cucumber planting in Baisha County,this paper systematically investigated the occurrence of main diseases and insect pests of cucumber planted in greenhouses and open air in Baisha County,Hainan Province,and studied their green prevention and control techniques in detail.The main results are described as follows:1.A total of 16 kinds of diseases and insect pests were identified in cucumber plants in Baisha County,Hainan Province from 2019 to 2021,and the harm degree and occurrence regularity of the diseases and insect pests were clarified.In terms of diseases,cucumber root-knot nematodes,cucumber downy mildew and cucumber bacterial keratosis were the most serious.Powdery mildew had a low incidence in 2020,but it still needed to be paid attention to based on the analysis of previous years.In terms of insect pests,the most harmful insects are the leaf miner,whitefly,thrips and aphids.2.The optimal control concentration of biopesticides on cucumber diseases and insect pests was determined through field green control experiments.The results showed that 10billion Cfu/g Bacillus subtilis wettable powder at 2250 g/hm~2had the highest control effect on cucumber powdery mildew,reaching 81.36%,and had no harm to crop safety.Using 250mg/m L lentinus edodes polysaccharide for 8 hours,the control effect of downy mildew reached 47.63%.The control effect of flupyramide on root-knot nematodes was 43.92%on the day of transplanting.Yellow plate can effectively reduce whitefly,leaf miner and aphid population,blue plate can effectively reduce thrips population.3.Field experiments were conducted to compare the difference between the integrated demonstration of green prevention and control based on agricultural,biological,physical and scientific drug use and the common treatment.The former improved cucumber yield,the average control effect of diseases and insect pests,and the total output value increased by12.27%and the cost of pesticide use decreased by 60.96%.To sum up,this study in combination with the practical situation of baisha county,analysis of the current situation of baisha county,cucumber main plant diseases and insect pests,biological control method was studied,and put forward the corresponding countermeasures for prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests of cucumber green baisha county,to further enhance the cucumber production,the county and even the whole security cucumber industry provide a scientific basis for the healthy,stable and sustainable development.