Error Study Of "Xiang-class Word + X + Yiban"

In the teaching of Chinese as a second language,the sentence pattern of "Xiang-class words + X + Yiban " is used frequently,and the error rate is very high.Due to the particularity of its internal structure and the richness of semantics,this sentence pattern has not only become a hot spot in the study of modern Chinese grammar,but also a difficult point in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Starting from the constituent elements,this thesis examines the comparative sentence pattern " X + Xiang-class words + Y + comparative words +(Z)" from the perspective of the combination of structure and semantics,analyzes the overall function of the sentence pattern,and starts from the five elements of the sentence pattern.From the perspective of structural characteristics,it is found that it is a linear structure with various forms of change.Different language unit changes will affect the syntactic types of comparative sentences.From the perspective of semantic features,the semantic types of bikuang sentence patterns are mainly determined by the animacy rules of ontology X and bikuang object Y in bikuang sentence patterns.However,as Signpost words,Xiang-class words and bikuang auxiliary words have their own semantic features,and their combination rules need to be paid attention to in the process of use.The similarities and differences of Chinese bikuang sentence patterns are analyzed from the perspective of English-Chinese comparison.By summarizing the types of errors of foreign students’ comparative sentences with English background,the errors of foreign students are mainly concentrated in four categories(errors of each component,mismatches of each component,misordering of each component,and misaddition of each component).According to the summary of the above error types and the basic elements of the teaching process(students,teachers,teaching materials),it can be concluded that the reasons for the errors of "Xiang-class words + X + Yiban" are the complexity of comparative sentences,the particularity of teaching objects,the standardization of teachers ’teaching,and the scientificity of textbook compilation.Based on the distribution of bikuang sentences in " Develop Chinese " " HSK Standard course " " Happy Chinese",the thesis explored the arrangement characteristics of bikuang sentences from the proportion of bikuang sentences,the order of bikuang sentences,the repetition rate of bikuang sentences,and the plate distribution of bikuang sentences.It is found that the proportion of bikuang sentences is unscientific,the order needs to be optimized,the repetition rate needs to be improved,and the plate distribution needs to be optimized.Based on the investigation of the overall situation of teachers’ teaching and students’ acquisition of comparative sentences,this thesis puts forward corresponding teaching suggestions for each stage : First,in terms of error prediction at each stage,teachers need to understand in advance the errors that students at different stages may produce in order to better complete the teaching design and optimize the teaching methods;Secondly,in terms of the design of teaching content in each stage,teachers need to reasonably arrange the teaching content of comparative sentences in each stage;Thirdly,in terms of teaching methods at each stage,teachers need to adopt corresponding teaching methods based on the learning situation and corresponding teaching content;Fourth,formulate case teaching design and personalized plan,and carry out empirical research based on teaching effect.