Establishment Of The Management Effectiveness Assessment System Of Cross-county World Natural Heritage And Empirical Analysis

World Heritage sites are precious,non-renewable resources with outstanding universal value.At the same time,global heritage sites are important contributors to local and national identity and pride.They are key links that showcase our shared history,social development and scientific progress.However,according to the statistics of the World Heritage Center in 2021,one third of the world’s natural heritage is facing the threat of climate change,extreme wildfires,coral reef degradation,extreme weather phenomena and drought,which will affect the natural heritage and mixed heritage.At the same time,these threat factors also cause an inevitable potential crisis for the protection and management of heritage.There are currently 16 natural World Heritage sites on the World Heritage List in Danger,and climate and human factors are putting great pressure on heritage management.In addition to human and natural factors to heritage conservation management caused pressure.The cross-boundary nature of the World Natural Heritage Site also brings challenges to the conservation and management of the site.Due to the requirement of ecological or geological integrity,the World natural heritage sites cover a large area and are prone to cross administrative boundaries.If there is no good communication on the development and management of heritage resources,it is easy to produce conflicts.It hinders the sustainable development of heritage protection and management.Therefore,it is not only necessary to evaluate the management effectiveness of heritage sites,but also of great significance.Firstly,the assessment results can promote the scientific and reasonable protection and management of heritage sites;secondly,the past information can be fed back into the future protection and management activities through assessment and evaluation,which is conducive to promoting the management process to be more scientific and reasonable.Therefore,this paper takes the cross-county world natural heritage as the research object,uses exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis methods to construct the cross-county World natural heritage management effectiveness evaluation system,and uses the comprehensive evaluation method to carry out an empirical analysis on the Fanjingshan World Natural Heritage Site,and puts forward the management effectiveness of Fanjingshan World Natural Heritage Site according to the analysis conclusion.The main results are as follows:(1)A cross-county evaluation system for the effectiveness of World Natural heritage management has been established.The evaluation system has 21 indicators including(mainly including World heritage value identification,Boundary delineation,Protection management target recognition,Fundamentals of law,Working system,Manning level,Financial management,Infrastructure,Resources investigation,Scientific research,Publicity and education,Tourism management,Community management,Cross-county collaborative management,Formulation and implementation of planning,Monitoring and evaluation,Integrity of World Natural Heritage,Community welfare,Community participation,County conflict reduction level,Tourism development)are divided into three dimensions(management foundation,management measures,and management performance),which constitute the cross-county natural heritage management effectiveness evaluation system.The reliability and validity of the evaluation system are verified by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.After confirmatory analysis,the evaluation system showed good structural validity(aggregation validity and discriminative validity),and the simulation index fit was also good.(2)The empirical assessment grade of the management effectiveness of Fanjingshan World Natural Heritage is "excellent",and the main threat factors are tourism development and community participation.A total of21 indicators were measured in this paper,and the scores of 19 evaluation contents were all greater than 4,among which 5 contents were higher than4.3.The comprehensive evaluation method was used to obtain the final evaluation of the effectiveness of Fanjing Mountain natural heritage management,which was about 4.210,between 4-5.Therefore,the evaluation grade of the effectiveness of Fanjing Mountain World Heritage management was "excellent".Although Fanjingshan’s overall score in the assessment of management effectiveness is excellent,there are some worrying factors.Scores from tourism development and community participation were relatively low,with an average score of 3.8 for tourism development and 3.9 for community participation.This indicates that the effectiveness of Fanjingshan heritage protection and management is threatened by tourism development and community participation.(3)The following four management strategies are proposed based on the evaluation results of the management effectiveness of Fanjingshan.Article 1 Publicity and education should be strengthened to improve the general public’s cognition of the heritage;Article 2 Set up incentive mechanism to encourage community participation in activities;Article 3Strictly control tourism development and construction activities;Article 4Carry out field resource survey activities to protect the habitats of animals and plants.These four strategies are intended to improve the effectiveness of the management of the heritage site and thus achieve the sustainable development goals of Fanjingshan World Heritage Site.