Research On The Evolution Of Chinese Communist Party’s Ethnic Education Policy Since Reform And Opening Up

"Ethnic education policy" is the abbreviation of "educational policy for ethnic minorities",which refers to the educational policy for 55 ethnic minorities except the Han,which has certain characteristic content and relatively independent value.The CPC’s ethnic education policy is based on Marxism-Leninism’s ethnic theory and education theory,and has been adjusted,supplemented and improved in accordance with China’s ethnic conditions and the reality of revolution,construction and reform and opening up.Generally speaking,the policy of ethnic education of the Communist Party of China has undergone four stages of development and evolution: the germination and initial development before 1949,the basic formation from the beginning of the People’s Republic of China to the beginning of reform and opening up,the development and improvement during the reform and opening up period,and the new development before and after the new era.During the revolutionary period,the CPC initially accumulated relevant experience by training revolutionary talents of ethnic minorities,establishing schools for ethnic minorities,and developing cultural and educational undertakings in various base areas,including ethnic education.The 30 years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China was the basic formative period of the Ethnic education policy of the CPC.The Party adheres to the basic policy of "ethnic unity and common progress" and vigorously develops ethnic education in accordance with the provisions of the Common Program and the 1954 Constitution.Through the identification of ethnic minorities,hold an ethnic work conference on ethnic education,organize institute for ethnic groups,widely established ethnic primary and secondary schools,promote adult literacy work of the masses,and ethnic education funds financing,ethnic admissions,support from the mainland frontier and a series of support,preferential policies,initially formed the ethnic education system.In the new period of reform and opening up,the ethnic education policy of the Communist Party of China has entered the stage of development and improvement.According to the needs of reform and opening up and the modernization of ethnic education,the Party keeps developing,perfecting and innovating its contents.Such as resuming the enrollment of ethnic colleges and universities,handling ethnic classes,preparatory classes or entrusted training;We held a national Conference on Ethnic Education,formulated and promulgated the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Compulsory Education and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy,and reformed the management system for ethnic education.Strengthen the construction of teaching materials and teachers of ethnic minorities;We will continue to reduce or exempt tuition and miscellaneous fees for ethnic minority students,set up special subsidies for ethnic minority education,and carry out and strengthen education for ethnic unity and progress.These policies have enriched the content of socialist ethnic education theory with Chinese characteristics and promoted the great development of ethnic education.In the ten years from 2012 to now,the Party’s ethnic education policy has made new progress.Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,ethnic education has achieved leap-forward development with higher quality,larger scale and better school conditions.The Party and the government held the Central Conference on Ethnic Affairs and the Sixth National Conference on Ethnic Affairs Education,and issued a number of documents including the Decision of The State Council on Accelerating the Development of Ethnic Affairs Education,making comprehensive plans for the development of ethnic affairs education.The party and the government pay more attention to establish a national unity progress education normalized mechanism,pay more attention to ethnic education and scientific research,more attention to the education of ethnic minority areas poverty alleviation of poverty,pay more attention to national general language education in ethnic regions,pay more attention to the inheritance of ethnic culture innovation,pay more attention to the unity of the progressive development of the education.Through policy innovation,it has greatly promoted the leapfrog development of ethnic education.Although a series of outstanding achievements have been made,we should also see that the development of ethnic education is still restricted by a series of unfavorable factors.In the future,it is necessary to improve the understanding of ethnic education strategically,constantly speed up legislation on ethnic education,increase investment and policy preference in ethnic education,vigorously develop vocational education and higher education for ethnic minorities,and further strengthen exchanges and cooperation with foreign countries.Through the further improvement and supplement of some policies,the modernization of ethnic education and the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be boosted.