Research On The Problems And Countermeasures Of The Implementation Of The Encouraged Birth Policy In Heilongjiang Province

The smooth implementation of the fertility policy is one of the necessary conditions for the long-term sustainable and healthy development of the population,and the implementation effect directly affects the specific situation of the population development of the country or region.From the perspective of the government,a policy can not achieve its expected goals without scientific and reasonable idealized policies,executive agency personnel with professional quality,target groups with sufficient understanding of the policy,and policy environment that is compatible with the policy direction.The two-child policy and the threechild policy are collectively referred to as the fertility policy.The implementation of the twochild policy marks the change of China’s policy from restricting to encouraging fertility.On May 31,2021,the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to review the Decision on Optimizing the Fertility Policy and Promoting the Long-term and Balanced Development of Population,and pointed out that in order to further optimize the fertility policy,a couple can have three children and relevant supporting measures should be implemented.On August 20,2021,the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress voted to adopt a decision on the revision of the Population and Family Planning Law,which amended the provisions of the Population and Family Planning Law,and advocated marriageable childbearing,eugenic childbearing and eugenic childbearing,and that a couple can have three children.At the time of the introduction of the three-child policy,the effect of the comprehensive two-child policy has gradually emerged,and the solution of the population problem in Heilongjiang Province is imminent.This paper comprehensively analyzes the problems existing in the implementation of the fertility policy in Heilongjiang Province,summarizes the reasons for the deficiencies of the Heilongjiang Provincial Government in the implementation of the fertility policy,forms experience,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures to further promote the expected effect of the fertility policy in Heilongjiang Province.From the perspective of Smith’s policy implementation process model,taking the fertility policy of Heilongjiang Province as the research object,this paper defines and sorts out the concepts and relevant theories of policy implementation,fertility policy,fertility will;This paper describes the current situation,existing problems and causes of the implementation of the fertility policy in Heilongjiang Province;From the four aspects of the policy itself,the executive body,the target group and the policy environment,this paper reveals the problems of imperfect supporting measures of the fertility policy,insufficient publicity of the policy by the executive agencies,uneven awareness of the policy by the target group,and the deviation between the fertility cultural environment and the ideal state.In view of the problems,we can find that the public opinion feedback channel is not perfect in the process of policy implementation,and the public service awareness of some executive agency personnel is weak The cause of the problem is the serious differentiation of target groups and the deep-rooted concept of childcare.Referring to the successful experience of the implementation of the family planning policy at home and abroad,this paper puts forward countermeasures from the four aspects of the policy itself,the implementation subject,the target group and the policy environment,with a view to providing reference for promoting the smooth implementation of the family planning policy such as the three-child policy in Heilongjiang Province,and providing experience for similar regions at home and abroad.