Research On The Conditions Of Labor Emancipation In The Era Of Artificial Intelligence

Marx and Engels’ thinking on the conditions of labor emancipation is an important part of their theory of labor emancipation,which was based on the reality of capitalist society and the ideas of their predecessors.Marx first introduced the concept of "labor emancipation" in his Letter to the Workers’ Parliament in 1854 and pointed out two conditions for the emancipation of labor,namely,the conditions of the forces of production and relations of production.This paper would take Marx and Engels’ theory of labor emancipation as the theoretical basis and study the impact of the development of artificial intelligence on the conditions of labor emancipation according to Marx and Engels’ analytical path.The author would put forward some views on how to make better use of artificial intelligence technology to create better conditions for labor emancipation.The concept of "labor emancipation" has rich connotations.The labor emancipation was regarded as a necessary part of human emancipation.Labor emancipation is the liberation of man from the enslavement of nature and society which would make labor a free and conscious activity of man.The emancipation of labor requires conditions in both the productive forces and relations of production.As far as the conditions of productive forces are concerned,it is necessary to improve labor tools,expand the range of labor objects and provide more free time for workers.In terms of the production relations,it is important to abolish the capitalist private ownership,the old division of labor and the alienation of human relations.Currently,with the continuous development of science and technology,our human society has entered the era of artificial intelligence.The development and application of artificial intelligence has had an important impact on the productivity conditions of labor emancipation,mainly in the following ways: the autonomy of labor tools has been enhanced,and their operation methods and processes are transformed in the direction of intelligence and automation;the scope of labor objects is expanding,the virtual nature is increasing and human cognition of labor objects is deepening.The workers’ way of thinking is changing,the labor conditions are improved,and the labor ability is increasing.The changes in productivity would bring changes in production relations,which are mainly manifested as follows: the common and shared production materials becomes the new development trend,and both big data possessors and scientific and technological innovators can be owners of production materials;the relationship among people in the production process becomes more harmonious,the traditional employment relationship would change to a new contractual relationship,the status of mental workers becomes more prominent,and human-machine collaboration becomes a new labor relation;the way of social wealth distribution will also change,scientific and technological knowledge becomes more and more important among the distribution factors,and sharing becomes a more suitable way of wealth distribution.But there is also a polarization of data possession and scientific and technological mastery.While artificial intelligence does promote labor emancipation,it also brings a number of challenges,including challenges to worker employment,to labor ethics,and to human development.Confronted with these challenges,this paper considers responses at three levels: awareness,technology,and system to achieve optimal conditions for labor emancipation in the age of artificial intelligence.At the awareness level,it should always adhere to the guidance of Marx and Engels’ theory of labor emancipation and clarify the value goal of using labor emancipation to promote human emancipation;construct a new type of labor ethics and morality and enhance public ethical and moral concepts.At the technical level,it is necessary to break through the limitations of artificial intelligence technology and realize a new model of human-machine cooperation.Finally,at the institutional level,it is necessary to improve the social division of labor and distribution system,establish a social supervision system for AI,and improve the social security system and the employment training system for workers.Through the optimization of these three levels,AI can be truly used for people and create better conditions for labor liberation and human emancipation.