Research On The Calculation And Sharing Mechanism Of The Basic Living Expenses Of The Elderly In Yunnan Province

In the next 30 years,the scale of China’s elderly population will expand rapidly,and it is expected that during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period,China will enter a moderately aging society.At the same time,China has fully entered a well-off society.The economic and social development makes the elderly have more demand for their later life,and the living expenses of the elderly will be more complex.Under the background of aging,the pension problem has always been the focus of the state and society.How to ensure an elderly person with dignity and quality of security is a social problem that cannot be avoided.The purpose of cost calculation is to understand the general cost of the elderly in their later years under the background of a well-off society and aging.The calculation results can be used for the young people to make a good pension plan,which can provide the cost reference for the elderly and their children,and can adjust the basic pension for the government.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to calculate the daily living expenses of the elderly and to build the corresponding cost-sharing mechanism according to the calculation results.In this paper,Yunnan Province was selected as the calculation area of the living expenses of the elderly,and 6 cities(Kunming city,Chuxiong Prefecture,Dehong Prefecture,Qujing City,Lijiang City and Wenshan Prefecture)were selected as specific calculation samples for data collection.There is a large gap in the living expenses of the elderly in different circumstances,so the situation of the elderly is classified.According to the differences of "health status","housing situation" and "insurance situation",the elderly are divided into 8 categories of conditions,and then calculated respectively.About the cost of living calculation project,this paper through the literature and comprehensive consideration data availability degree,finally adopts the 2013 National Bureau of Statistics of urban and rural integration household balance and living conditions survey used in the cost method,the elderly basic living expenses is divided into: food,clothing,living,transportation,communication,education,culture and entertainment,health care,articles for daily use,other supplies and services,a total of 8 categories.Among them,the food,living,transportation,education,culture and entertainment cost calculation using direct spending method,through data collection statistics,clothing cost obtained by small-scale questionnaire survey,health care,supplies and other use of Chinese family health and tracking survey(CHARLS 2018)database data.After classification calculation,the calculation(annual average)of the basic living expenses of the elderly in Yunnan Province was obtained: RMB 5,213.8 for food;RMB 892.7 for clothing,RMB 1791.7 for residence;RMB 528 for transportation and communication;RMB 3,765.2 for education,culture and entertainment;RMB 6,675.2 for health care;RMB 1,880.7 for daily necessities;RMB 391.7 for other supplies and services,totaling RMB 21,139.The calculation results show that,without considering the situation of the elderly,the basic pension of some elderly people in Yunnan province is difficult to cover the daily expenses of the elderly,especially the elderly in rural areas.Unable to meet the independent daily survival needs of the elderly.Once the elderly do not have their own housing or have poor physical health,they will quickly return to poverty.At this point,society and families need to share costs,including medical insurance,long-term care insurance,housing security and child support.Therefore,this paper puts forward the principle of the cost-benefit,the principle of adapting with welfare diversification and the combination of the principle of overall planning and the basic living expenses of the elderly according to the four principles.