Research On The Service Supply Of Pension Institutions And The Pension Service Demands Of The Elderly In Xuzhou City

BackgroundUnder the background of increasingly severe population aging,in 2020,the proposal of the CPC Central Committee on formulating the 14 th Five-year Plan for economic and social development and the long-range objectives through the year 2035 pointed out implementing the national strategy of proactively responding to population aging,promoting the coordinated development of the elderly care industry,and building an elderly care service system combining medical care and health care.Therefore,the scientific and reasonable formulation and introduction of supporting policies for the development of elderly care services in all regions is an inevitable requirement in response to the 14 th Five-year Plan.In Xuzhou,with the increasingly severe situation of population aging and the sharp rise of elderly care demand,the construction of elderly care service system is imminent.However,there is no comprehensive and systematic research on the analysis of service supply of pension institutions,demand and influencing factors in Xuzhou City.The existing research on the service supply of pension institutions in Xuzhou City is mostly the theoretical analysis of the current situation,problems and countermeasures,while the empirical research on pension service demands of the elderly and influencing factors is rarely reported.This essay aims to analyze the current status of the service supply of pension institutions and the pension service demands of the elderly in Xuzhou City,and exploring the influencing factors driving the demands for the pension service,According to the actual situation,and then put forward targeted,specific and feasible countermeasures and suggestions,so as to provide policy formulation basis for structural reform of the supply side of the pension service and the optimization of the management of the demand side.Objectives1.Study the current situation of the service supply of pension institutions in Xuzhou City,analyze and summarize the main problems,and propose targeted methods to promote the development of elderly care services,so as to provide a practical guideline when making policies on the construction of elderly care service system.2.Explore the pension service demands of the elderly,analyze the influencing factors.Depending on the specific demands,provide feasible suggestions for further meeting the pension service demands of the elderly and contribute to advanced development of the pension service.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was employed,using convenient sampling method,From April to October 2021 in Xuzhou City,30 managers of 30 pension institutions and443 elderly people living in the pension institutions were investigated by two selfDesigned questionnaires:the service supply of pension institutions questionnaire and the demands scale of the pension service for the elderly.All data shall be entered by two persons with Epi Data 3.1 and analyzed with SPSS 22.0.The classified data of the supply status in pension institutions are described by frequency and composition ratio.The general information of the elderly in pension institutions and the scores of the pension service demands of the elderly are described by percentage,mean and standard deviation.T-test and analysis of variance were used for univariate analysis,and stepwise multiple regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results1.The average occupancy rate in pension institutions in Xuzhou City is 51.7%.The organizations mainly face the difficulty of personnel employment and capital turnover.Among the elderly nursing staff,1.6% had bachelor degree or above,and 65.4% were over 50 years old.There are gaps in the quality of services and content supply of various pension institutions.2.The prevalence of chronic diseases of the elderly(at least one kind)in pension institutions in Xuzhou City is as high as 88.5%,and the comorbidity rate of three or more diseases is 40.6%;the top 3 prevalence rates are: hypertension(49.9%),cerebrovascular disease(42.4%),diabetes(26%);the elderly who are admitted to pension institutions are mainly unable to take care of themselves or partially take care of themselves,accounting for84%.The total score of the pension service demands of the elderly in Xuzhou City is(109.39± 13.00),and the total average score of all dimensions is(4.38±0.73).The average scores of each dimension are: life care(4.39±0.84),medical care rehabilitation(4.40±0.70),psychological or spiritual(4.43±0.62)and entertainment and leisure(4.26±0.75).Psychological or spiritual aspect scored the highest.3.In the single-factor analysis,age,occupation before retirement,self-care ability and the number of chronic diseases had significant impacts on the pension service demands of the elderly(P < 0.05);in the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis(entry:0.05,exclusion:0.1),the number of chronic diseases and self-care ability are the influencing factors(P <0.05).Conclusion1.At present,the occupancy rate in pension institutions in Xuzhou City is low and the operation condition is not ideal;the nursing staff are generally older and with low education,high turnover rate in the institution and lack of elderly care professionals;The supply of elderly care services is not perfect.It is necessary to train professional staffs for elderly care institutions and develop a diversified elderly care service system.2.The health status of the elderly in pension institutions is not optimistic in Xuzhou City.The pension service demands of the elderly to be higher.In the context of the current normalization of COVID-19,the psychological and spiritual needs of the elderly are the highest.During the period of prevention and control of the epidemic,we should take scientific and effective measures to ensure the psychological balance of the elderly.3.The main factor affecting their demands for the pension service is self-care ability and the number of chronic diseases.Therefore,more focus on the elderly with poor self-care ability and a large number of chronic diseases.According to the division of the elderly’s self-care situation and chronic diseases,meet the differentiated needs of the elderly;actively improve the long-term care insurance system;continue to do a good job in the health management of the elderly.4.There is a contradiction between supply and demand in pension institutions : the contradiction between higher psychological/spiritual demand and medical care and rehabilitation demand and insufficient supply;the contradiction between the urgent demand for old-age care and the idle beds in some institutions.Supply and demand affect each other,restricting the efficient operation of pension institutions.Therefore,from the contradiction between supply and demand,promote the management optimization of the supply and demand side of pension institutions.