From Danwei System To Community System:A Study On The Spatial Evolution Of Urban Danwei Compond

In the era of Planned economy,Danwei has become the link between the state and individuals,absorbing people in urban life into relatively concentrated spaces.Danwei not only produces materials as production organizations,but also provides various welfare guarantees such as housing for social members.At this time,the basic living space in Chinese cities is the compound formed by attaching to different types of Danwei.With the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy,under the market economy system,the nature of the city as a Danwei-aggregate has gradually weakened,and each Danwei has changed from the original multi-functional organization to an economic organization with relatively single function.The Danwei has become a living space only for living,and the community has replaced the Danwei as an intermediary between the state and individuals,and managed urban living space and provide services for residents.The research on the Danwei system has formed rich practical achievements,from the origin of the Danwei system to the organizational characteristics and changes of the Danwei society.However,there are few in-depth studies on the Danwei compound under the different dimensions of the Danwei system and the Community system.Today,the research on the Danwei compound mostly focuses on community governance and community construction,There is a lack of attention to the dynamic change process of Danwei compound.The change of Danwei compound is an entry point to investigate China’s urban transformation and spatial reconstruction,which has important theoretical and practical significance.From the perspective of space,combined with the three-dimensional framework of Lefebvre Space,this paper takes a Danwei compound as a research case,tries to explore the compound from the three perspectives of physical space,relationship space and emotional space,and studies the change process of the spatial form of Danwei compound through qualitative research.The study found that the change process of material space shows a closed to semi-closed and semi-open form,and the space production in the process of change shifts from the production space as the center to the living space as the center,and the spatial value also shifts from the use value of "taking" to the exchange value.With the change of physical space,the relationship space shows the characteristics of differential order in the process of Danwei system to Community system,and the new and old residents are pushed out with their respective practice spaces as the center,forming different relationship spaces;at the same time,the distribution of power space shifts from the vertical structure of the bureaucratic layer to the horizontal structure of multi-subjects,and the rights practice of the community elite runs through public space.The change in physical space and relationship space has led to changes in the sense of identity and belonging of the employees of the Danwei to the Danwei compond,which is in stark contrast to the belonging and identity of the newly moved residents to the Danwei compond.Based on the analysis of the three-dimensional spatial change of the Danwei,this paper analyzes the change logic of the three-dimensional space.The author believes that the evolution of the Danwei compond space follows two logical paths,including the creation of the country’s top-down system and the shaping of self-identity from the bottom up.