Marx’s Research On The Reform Of The 19th Century Utopian Socialists’ Thought Of Eliminating Division Of Labor

"Eliminating the division of labor" is an important theoretical proposition put forward by Marxist classical writers on the basis of criticizing the "eliminating the division of labor"thought of Utopian socialism in the 19th century,aiming at the serious opposition between capital and labor caused by the capitalist wage labor system,and focusing on the realization of the free liberation of the proletariat.In the German Ideology,Marx clearly pointed out that"in fact,division of labor and private ownership are equal expressions.For the same thing,one is in terms of activities and the other is in terms of the products of activities."[1]With the development of productive forces,the social division of labor,while contributing to the emergence of private ownership,has itself produced serious opposition between the owners of means of production and workers.This also means that in the capitalist perspective,on the one hand,the division of labor is shown in the capitalist production logic as a link of creating"alien things",on the other hand,the division of labor is also hidden in the capitalist distribution logic as a process of shaping "domination".Because of this,the deconstruction and analysis of the problem of "eliminati ng division of labor",in a sense,constitute an important basis for the criticism and research of the problem of "disintegrating the logic of capital".Previous scholars’ research on Marx’s idea of eliminating division of labor either regarded it as a ready-made conclusion and directly jumped to the stage of analyzing communist ideology,or regarded it as a scientific condition for "eliminating existing conditions",scientifically describing it and ignoring the generative logic of concepts and categories contained within it.The key to the problem is that the generation of Marx’s idea of eliminating division of labor was not achieved overnight,but built on the foundation of civilization and history.Based on this,from the core perspective of "eliminating division of labor",this paper focuses on the theoretical logic and connotation of the thought of eliminating division of labor of the 19th century Utopian socialism as the source of Marx’s thought of eliminating division of labor,clarifies the criticism and inheritance of Marx’s thought of eliminating division of labor,and points out the theoretical content of Marx’s thought of eliminating division of labor and its significance in realizing a transformation from "utopian" to "scientific".This article is divided into five parts.The introduction section introduces the research background and significance,current research status,and research methods of Marx’s idea of eliminating division of labor,and briefly outlines the innovation and shortcomings of the paper.The second part discusses the main content and theoretical limitations of the thought of "eliminating division of labor" of Utopian socialism in the 19th century.The immature theory is consistent with the immature reality.At the initial stage of the capitalist mode of production,Utopian socialism people focused on the social contradictions revealed by the bourgeois mode of production.Although they put forward many ideas of "shining genius sparks" to transform society,they were unable to fundamentally propose a good way to transform society.This is precisely why Utopian socialism is called "utopian".The third part discusses the development process,theoretical content,and purpose of Marx’s thought of eliminating division of labor.From the Economic and Philosophical Manuscript of 1844 to Capital,from the elimination of alienated labor to the elimination of the old division of labor system,Marx updated and improved the ideological and cultural connotation of "eliminating division of labor".The fourth part discusses the theoretical transcendence of Marx’s thought of eliminating division of labor for utopian socialists.Marx’s thought of eliminating division of labor has achieved revolutionary changes in three aspects of the theoretical basis,such as the origin of thinking,mode of thinking,and terms of thinking.As a result,It has formed a total transcendence over utopian socialism in terms of class position,realistic path,and civilization formation.The fifth part discusses the theoretical and practical value of Marx’s thought of "eliminating division of labor".Marx’s thought of "eliminating division of labor"is based on reality and history,enriches the ideological content of materialism,supplements the theoretical link of political economic criticism,and points out the path of communism.On this basis,it has fundamentally promoted practical research on "all-round development of human beings","production and communication","new forms of human civilization" and other aspects.