| European countries have long been plagued by the refugee problem.The refugee and asylum system is the institutional foundation for the EU to respond to the refugee crisis.Since the 1980 s,the EU has gradually formed a common border control system with the Schengen Agreement as the core and a common asylum system with the Dublin Convention as the core.Since 2010,a large influx of refugees from West Asia and North Africa has led to a refugee crisis in Europe.The EU has implemented a series of refugee policies in response to the crisis.According to the different objects involved in the policy,it can be divided into two aspects: "internal refugee policy" and "external refugee policy".The internal refugee policy focuses on refugee sharing,in addition to border protection and the reform of the EU refugee and asylum system.The core content of external refugee policy is the Euro-Turkey Agreement,which also includes assistance to countries in West Asia and North Africa,cooperation with Balkan countries,and the establishment of supportive fiscal policies.Overall,the EU’s refugee policies have achieved some results,but most of them have not fulfilled their intended tasks.The European Union has faced considerable setbacks in implementing its refugee policy,including both the reasons for institutional failure and the existence of three major contradictory factors in its refugee policy: the contradiction between morality and interests,the contradiction between East and West European Union member states,and the contradiction in cultural identity.The European refugee crisis in 2015 has far-reaching implications,both at the level of integration of EU refugee policies and at the level of European countries.The impact on the integration of EU refugee policy includes both negative and positive aspects:the negative impact has caused a huge blow to European solidarity in the crisis,making it difficult for the integration of EU refugee policy to move forward;The positive impact of the European refugee crisis has accelerated the pace of integration of EU refugee policies in terms of EU external border control.The impact on European countries is manifested in three dimensions: political,economic,and social: the refugee crisis has promoted the rise of extreme right-wing political parties and caused European politics to tilt to the right;The refugee crisis has dragged down European economic recovery and impacted European welfare systems;The refugee crisis has affected the unity and stability of European society and hit the policy of cultural pluralism that has been implemented for many years.The Russia-Ukraine conflict that broke out in February 2022 triggered the largest refugee crisis Europe faced after World War II.The EU actively accepts Ukrainian refugees,which is quite different from its attitude towards dealing with the refugee crisis in 2015.The main reason why the EU has adopted a "double standard" stance towards the two refugee crises is that the two refugee crises have brought different crisis feelings to the EU,and cultural identity differences are also one of the important reasons for the "double standard".It should be noted that the integration of EU refugee policies has deepened in the process of responding to the refugee tide in Ukraine,but this is only a special case.To avoid repeating the same mistakes on the refugee issue,the EU first needs to maintain regional peace and eradicate the soil where refugees occur;Secondly,we need to reform the EU refugee and asylum system,and strive to overcome the three pairs of contradictions faced by the formulation and implementation of refugee policies: conflicts of morality and interests,conflicts between Eastern and Western member states,and cultural identity.In general,solidarity and finding common interests are the driving forces behind the EU’s efforts to promote the integration of refugee policies.The EU needs to take multiple measures and learn from past experiences and lessons to strive for the in-depth development of European integration. |
