Research On Optimal Decision-making Of Member Enterprises Based On Different Closed-loop Supply Chain Structures And Government Dual Policy Intervention

“Made in China 2025” points out that China’s economic development environment has undergone significant changes,the development of manufacturing industry is facing new challenges,and resource and environmental constraints are also constantly strengthened.With the rapid development of society and the improvement of living standards,people’s use and replacement frequency of various products are also accelerating,resulting in a large number of waste products,which not only causes a waste of resources,but also causes serious pollution to the ecological environment.Remanufacturing,as one of the effective ways to develop circular economy,has attracted the high attention of governments and relevant enterprises all over the world.At present,the existing research on Remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain has made phased progress,but it mainly focuses on the third-party remanufacturing.With the enhancement of the awareness of social responsibility of large enterprises and the enrichment of market consumer demand preferences,the remanufacturing mode has undergone new changes.In addition,the remanufacturing industry also involves property rights protection,so patent licensing is an issue to be considered in the operation decision-making process of manufacturing / remanufacturing enterprises.At the same time,aiming at the problem of gray market(i.e sellers fleeing goods)in reality,this thesis analyzes and discusses the inhibitory effect of this strategy on gray products from the perspective of self remanufacturing of original equipment manufacturer(hereinafter referred to as OEM).Finally,the development of remanufacturing industry is inseparable from the active participation and support of the government,so it is also of great practical significance to further explore the effect of government policy regulation.Based on the above research background and significance,this thesis uses Stackelberg game analysis and reverse induction to study the optimal operation decision-making of member enterprises in a closed-loop supply chain composed of Abstract original equipment manufacturers,third-party remanufacturing(here in after referred to as TPR)and retailers in the face of heterogeneous consumers.The main research contents are as follows: firstly,taking the green preference degree of consumers for different product differentiation as the starting point,and combined with two common industrial models in the actual situation: different market power structure model and dual channel remanufacturing model,this thesis discusses a series of operation decision-making problems such as product pricing,brand advantage,green preference and contract coordination in the closed-loop supply chain;In addition,based on OEM remanufacturing,this thesis also discusses whether OEM can restrain the negative market impact caused by retailer’s fleeing through its own remanufacturing.It further introduces the government capital policy intervention,studies how the dual intervention mechanism of government subsidy and carbon tax affects the purchase behavior and consumer surplus,social welfare and environmental benefits of heterogeneous consumers pursuing utility maximization,then seeks the critical conditions for the implementation of the policy with the goal of social welfare maximization,and puts forward the optimal government dual policy regulation scheme.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)OEMs prefer to license TPR and choose which licensing mode(fixed fee and unit fee licensing mode)according to the size of fixed patent licensing fee.Under certain conditions,the higher the economy of TPR remanufacturing and the higher the acceptance of consumers for the remanufactured products can improve the market sales and profit space of TPR remanufactured products,but it will run on the market of OEM remanufactured products.(2)The pricing of OEM products will increase with the enhancement of its brand advantage under different power structures,but TPR products are on the contrary;When the remanufacturing market develops,OEMs should reduce remanufacturing costs and improve their brand advantages,so as to obtain higher profits.Retailers should also increase the publicity of various products and improve the value evaluation of consumers.Through the revenue increment sharing contract,we can coordinate the loss of CLSC’s total profit,reduce the negative impact of "double marginal effect" and improve the profits of member enterprises,so as to realize the Pareto improvement of supply chain.(3)The retailer’s profit from fleeing goods and OEM’s will not only be reduced,but also the total profit of the retailer will be reduced;OEM self remanufacturing enriches the market choices of heterogeneous consumers and improves consumer surplus,but it is not necessarily conducive to the increase of social welfare.(4)The implementation of the government’s dual policy is conducive to improving the WEEE recovery rate under various remanufacturing modes and promoting the recycling of waste resources.When the subsidy and carbon tax amount meet certain ratio conditions,the implementation of the government’s dual policy can help to expand the total market share and increase the profits of enterprise members in the supply chain and the total profits of CLSC.Moreover,when the government sets appropriate policy capital parameters,it can effectively improve the consumer surplus and social welfare under each remanufacturing mode,and reduce the impact on the environment.This thesis extends from the traditional third-party remanufacturing to dual channel remanufacturing,which is closer to reality.The thesis work enriches the research problems of closed-loop supply chain pricing decision-making,expands the research scope,and can provide reference for the follow-up research of remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain.