| Data show that the degree of our country’s aging population is increasing.In 2021,the population aged 60 or above will reach 267 million,accounting for 18.9 percent of the total population.China is currently in the stage of mild aging and is expected to enter the stage of severe aging around 2035.Aging has become an important challenge for China’s social development.Under the current retirement system,China will see the largest wave of retirement in recent years,with about 20 million people retiring every year.There are about 140 million healthy elderly aged between 60 and 69,accounting for55.83% of the total number of elderly people in China.The economic and social value of young healthy elderly people is not fully reflected,and their "silver resources",such as knowledge,experience and skills,are also wasted.Voluntary service can not only become a way of "doing something for the aged",but also adapt to the diversified needs of the elderly life,and become an indispensable link in the development of the pension cause in our country.In order to cope with the aging of the population in our country and promote the development of our old-age service,the general secretary has made a series of important instructions on the problem of "aging" on many occasions,such as the "twenty" and the "National Working Conference on Aging",pointing out that we should guide the elderly to take the initiative to participate in social governance through voluntary service.However,at present,the participation of community elderly in voluntary service is still faced with many problems,which restricts its further development.Taking Wuhan City as an example,this study adopted the methods of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview to select three representative communities and conducted an in-depth study on the obstacles existing in the participation of elderly people in voluntary services in the community.The research finds that the obstacles behind the phenomenon of "high willingness and low participation" of the elderly in volunteering service mainly exist in three aspects: the main body of community elderly volunteer service,community elderly volunteer service organization and community elderly volunteer service support system.The main body of community elderly volunteer service has cognitive limitation and ability dilemma;Organizational development has problems in organizational capacity and service content.The support system faces the dilemma of lack of mechanism and resources.Based on the theoretical framework of productive aging,this paper analyzes the cultural and environmental factors,policy factors and community conditions that affect the development of community elderly voluntary services in Wuhan.In terms of cultural environment,the restriction of traditional negative aging views on the elderly and the lack of positive publicity of voluntary services for the elderly lead to the lagging of the overall social perception and awareness of the potential and value of the elderly.At the level of policy factors,the laws and regulations of voluntary service are not perfect,and the protection of basic rights and interests is insufficient.The offside of government supervision leads to the development defects of voluntary service organizations for the aged.At the level of community conditions,community infrastructure construction lags behind and community resource allocation is low,so it is unable to provide a perfect volunteer service platform for the elderly.In order to promote the development of community voluntary services for the elderly,we should start from the following three aspects: 1.Cultural environment: the government and the community work together to expand voluntary culture;2.Policy level: the government improves policies and regulations;3.Community condition level:Social institutions and communities jointly build support networks. |
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