The Influence Of Social Endowment Insurance On Fertility Intention Of Urban Families

At present,the system of "three pillars" of our country’s pension has been basically established.As the "first pillar",social pension insurance has been improved and adjusted since the reform and opening up.Development is also of great significance.And our country’s fertility policy is also constantly being opened and optimized,especially the comprehensive three-child policy implemented to further ease the aging of the population and increase the fertility rate,which also poses new challenges for the development of social pension insurance.A comprehensive old-age insurance system to improve residents’ willingness to bear children and ensure that the policy is effective.As one of the important motives for childbearing,endowment security is a key factor affecting the willingness to bear children.Social endowment insurance has also replaced the traditional "raising children to prevent old age" to a certain extent.Compared with rural families’ reliance on "raising children to prevent old age",urban families pay more attention to basic endowment insurance and childbearing costs.Therefore,the changes in urban families’ willingness to bear children and changes in social endowment insurance demand after the opening of the childbearing policy are studied for the effectiveness of the childbearing policy.The implementation and improvement of the old-age insurance system are of great significance.Using the questionnaire of the China General Social Survey,this paper selects urban families’ fertility willingness after the adjustment of the fertility policy as the explained variable,and whether the family purchases social endowment insurance as the explanatory variable.The model conducts empirical regression analysis to study the impact of social endowment insurance on urban families’ willingness to bear children,and uses subsample regression to study the differences between urban and rural families and families with different incomes.The study found that: first,the purchase of social endowment insurance will inhibit urban families’ willingness to bear children;second,the impact of social endowment insurance on urban families’ willingness to bear children with different incomes is different.Lower-middle-income earners are stronger.The superior economic conditions did not promote the family’s willingness to bear children.On the contrary,due to the higher education level of family members,they were no longer motivated by raising children and preventing old age due to the influence of open minds.Finally,according to the current situation,theoretical and empirical results of the development of maternity policy and social endowment insurance in our country,this paper puts forward the following suggestions: first,expand the coverage of social endowment insurance and strengthen the management of social insurance services;second,standardize the construction of the three pillars of endowment insurance;third,encourage the combination of maternity and endowment insurance system,and grasp the multiple influences of social security on fertility willingness.