The Impact Of Basic Public Services On The Relative Poverty Of Urban Floating Population

By the end of 2020,China has completely eliminated absolute poverty under the current standards,which can be called a miracle in the history of poverty reduction in the world.At the same time,with the continuous advancement of China’s new urbanization,on the one hand,the number of urban floating population is increasing day by day,on the other hand,urban floating population is also easy to fall into relative poverty due to their own education level and urban openness.Therefore,how to reduce their incidence of relative poverty has become a top priority.At present,China has entered the post poverty era,and common prosperity has become the common pursuit of the whole society.The tasks of promoting common prosperity include the reform of income distribution system,high-quality development,high-quality sharing of public services,affluence of spiritual life,innovation of social governance and so on.Therefore,promoting the construction of basic public services itself is an important agenda for promoting common prosperity.In addition,basic public services can play the role of three distributions and narrow the income gap between different groups in society.The essence of common prosperity is to eliminate the income gap so as to achieve equal prosperity.Therefore,the 13 th five year plan and the 14 th five year plan for China’s national economic and social development have placed the construction of basic public services in an important position.Basic public service has become a hot issue,which has been deeply thought and discussed in the academic circles,but there is still much room for improvement in the research perspective,research methods and research content of the existing research.Based on this,this paper attempts to innovate from the research perspective,research methods and research content to study the impact of basic public services on the relative poverty of urban floating population.The solution proposed in this study is: firstly,through extensive literature review,understand the current academic definition of basic public services and the equalization of basic public services,and the effect of basic public services.On the basis of clarifying the relevant concepts,we establish our theoretical foundation,namely: welfare economics,equity and justice theory,public finance theory,Malthusian poverty theory,low-level equilibrium theory,Marx’s poverty theory,Sen’s poverty theory,balanced growth theory,trickle down theory and Schultz’s poverty reduction theory.Then,through the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,this paper explores the current development status and restrictive factors of basic public services in China.Then,the CFPS data is used to measure the basic public service level,and an econometric model is established to explore the impact of the basic public service level on the relative poverty of urban floating population.At the same time,the heterogeneity research is carried out for different regions and different dimensions of basic public services.Finally,CFPS data are also used to measure the equalization index of basic public services based on group differences,and an econometric model is established to study the impact of equalization of basic public services on the relative poverty of urban floating population.At the same time,heterogeneity analysis is also carried out for different regions and different dimensions of basic public services.Finally,according to the results of our empirical model,we draw the corresponding conclusions and give policy suggestions.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)the incidence of relative poverty of urban floating population is high,and the majority of urban floating population are men and people with low education.(2)At present,the supply level of basic public services in China is steadily improving,and the degree of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas and between provinces is constantly improving.(3)The improvement of basic public service level can effectively reduce the probability of urban floating population falling into relative poverty,and reduce the degree of relative poverty.(4)The equalization of basic public services can effectively reduce the probability of urban floating population falling into relative poverty and the degree of relative poverty.(5)Due to regional differences,the poverty reduction effect of basic public service level and equalization in the eastern region is less than that in the central region and greater than that in the western region.(6)Compared with other basic public service dimensions,the improvement of cultural and sports service level,social insurance service level and labor employment service level can better reduce the probability of urban floating population falling into relative poverty.(7)Compared with other basic public service dimensions,the equalization of cultural and sports services,social insurance services and labor and employment services can better reduce the probability of urban floating population falling into relative poverty.(8)Female urban floating population is more likely to fall into relative poverty than male urban floating population.Based on the above main conclusions,this study puts forward the following policy suggestions:(1)by improving the assistance mechanism and establishing a scientific and effective accurate identification mechanism of relative poverty,accurately identify and help the relatively poor groups.(2)By increasing investment in basic public services,increasing policy assistance and making full use of information technology,we can effectively improve the level of basic public services enjoyed by urban floating population.(3)We will promote the equalization of basic public services by improving the financial expenditure system for basic public services and building an efficient service-oriented government.(4)By establishing a sound labor market,improving laws and regulations,improving the competitiveness of female urban floating population and creating a social environment to eliminate discrimination,we can promote the equal rights of men and women.