Experimental Study Of Situational Teaching Method In Level One Physical Education Teaching In Primary Schools

Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health(2022 Edition)emphasizes that the curriculum has changed from "knowledge and skill-based" to "student development-based",clearly pointing out that physical education and health teaching should create colorful,vivid and interesting teaching contexts.The situational teaching method stimulates students’ learning motivation through the creation of specific scenes and helps them better understand the teaching content.It conforms to the cognitive rule of the lower grade students and fits with the content of the physical education of the lower grade,which not only provides an effective way for students to master basic movements and techniques but also enhances students’ interest in learning.By employing the method of document literature,expert interview,questionnaire investigation,experiment and mathematical statistics,this paper makes a theoretical analysis and practical exploration on the application of situational teaching method in level one physical education teaching.The study concluded that:(1)Theoretical discussion on the application of situational teaching method in the teaching of physical education at level one includes theoretical basis,basic principles,basic procedures and requirements,and basic strategies.The theoretical basis is constructivist theory,psychological field integration theory and brain science theory,The basic principles include the principle of conforming physical and mental development,the principle of attaching importance to teaching content,the principle of strengthening sensibility,the principle of attaching importance to creativity and the principle of driving emotion;The basic procedure is to determine teaching objectives→situation creation→experience feedback→ autonomous learning→ achieve objectives→ establish new objectives;The basic requirements are clear objectives,adequate lesson preparation,standard operation and timely summary;Teaching strategies include picture reproduction situation,music rendering situation,role experience situation,game competition situation,question enlightening situation,network expansion situation.(2)The practice process of applying situational teaching method in Level one physical education teaching mainly includes teaching plan and content,teaching implementation and lesson examples.Explain the teaching time allocation,teaching content and teaching method arrangement of 10 units such as walking and running unit,jumping unit and throwing unit.Select one lesson from each of the 10 units to compare the experimental group and the control group,and analyze the specific teaching practice of situational teaching method in Level-1 physical education class.(3)There was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the aspects of 50-metre running and one-minute rope skipping.There was no significant difference in "vital capacity" and "sitting forward flexion".The application of situational teaching method in one semester had limited effect on the improvement of students’ vital capacity and sitting forward flexion.The application of situational teaching method can improve students’ 50-metre running and one-minute rope skipping performance better.The game competition situation improves the motivation of students to participate in class practice,and the inter-group competition fully mobilizes students’ excitement and collective sense of honor,so that students’individual level can get the maximum play.(4)Students in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group in concentration and classroom performance.Using familiar allegorical characters and interesting life elements to create situations and let students really participate in teaching can better help students to prolong their attention span and improve their classroom performance.(5)The experimental group students in sports participation,positive interest,negative interest performance is significantly better than the control group.There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in enhancing students’ attention to sports.The one-semester experiment had a limited effect on improving students’ active learning of sports knowledge and sports culture.The application of situational teaching method can improve students’ participation in physical education classroom and enhance students’ interest in physical education learning.Through the creation of role experience situation,game situation,picture representation situation and other situations,students feel the fun of sports learning,willing to participate in physical exercise in extracurricular life,students’ sports participation and interest have been improved.(6)The improvement of affection performance of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group.There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in improving students’cooperative spirit,and the effect of one semester’s situational teaching on improving students’ cooperative spirit was limited.The application of situational teaching method can improve students’ self-confidence and emotional regulation ability.Through experiencing success and failure and changing roles,students gradually learn to regulate their emotions and their self-confidence is enhanced.