Study On The Physiological Characteristics And Energy System Contributions Of Sprint Interval Training

Research purpose:The main physiological indices and energy supply levels of the three energy systems were measured in subjects of different genders under typical sprint interval training mode to investigate the physiological characteristics,energy supply characteristics and gender differences in the training process of sprint interval training,so as to provide a theoretical basis and practical basis for the improvement and application of sprint interval training mode.Research method:A total of 16 healthy and hubitually active subjects（8 males and 8females）between the ages of 18 and 25 years were selected for this study to perform incremental load tests and SIT acute exercise tests in the form of electronically braked cycle ergometer.The incremental load test was used to obtain the maximum oxygen uptake(VO2_max)and maximum power(W_max)of the subjects.The SIT was performed with a load setting of 140%W_max,and physiological indices such as oxygen uptake（VO₂）,ventilation（VE）,heart rate（HR）,blood lactate（BLa）,respiratory exchange rate（RER）and rating of perceived exertion（RPE）were collected during exercise,and the energy supply levels of the three major energy metabolic systems were calculated.Research results:（1）The ATP-PCr system contribution and aerobic energy contribution remained basically stable during SIT exercise,while the glycolytic system contribution showed a gradually decreasing trend（P<0.05）and the total energy contribution showed a slight decreasing trend（P<0.05）.（2）During SIT,BLa levels showed a gradual increase in both males and females,with BLa fluctuating from 7.2±1.2 mmol/L to 12.1±1.1 mmol/L in males and from6.1±1.0 mmol/L to 11.5±0.9 mmol/L in females.（3）Mean VO₂was 36.7±5.6ml/kg/min and25.6±3.3ml/kg/min and peak VE was 1.48±0.29L/kg/min and 0.95±0.16L/kg/min in males and females,respectively,during the SIT work interval,with significant differences between males and females（P<0.05）.The ATP-PCr system contribution,glycolytic system contribution and aerobic energy contribution were higher in men than in women during SIT（P<0.05）,but there was no difference between men and women in the trends of each index.Research conclusions:（1）Sprint interval training is a training mode that regulates established physiological adaptations by controlling glycolytic system in the form of extreme load exercise.（2）Typical sprint interval training induces a maximum lactate plateau of11.5mmol/L to 12.1mmol/L,which can effectively develop anaerobic endurance and cardiorespiratory adaptations in the body.（3）The levels of oxygen uptake,ventilation and energy supply of the three energy systems were higher in healthy active men than in women during sprint interval training,but the trends and patterns shown in the physiological characteristics and energy supply features of both were consistent.