Characteristics Of Energy Metabolism And An Empirical Study Based On Blood Lactic Acid Of National Team Elite Male Sprinters In 100m And 200m Sprint Events

Objective:From the perspective of sports biology,based on the analysis of the world sprint energy metabolism related research results,the characteristics of energy metabolism of100 m and 200 m and its guiding role in training were summarized.On this basis,the blood lactic acid of some elite male sprinters of China’s national team was tested and analyzed in 100 m and 200 m sprinters,and the effects of glycolysis on specific energy supply were discussed.The development of project energy metabolism characteristics and its effect on special training.In order to provide reference for the training of elite sprinters in China.Methods:The subjects were 12 national team sprinters.Finger blood samples were collected at the 1st,3rd,5th and 7th min after three official 100 m and 200 m competitions,and the blood lactic acid index was processed by EKF Diagnostic C-line.Then,blood lactic acid,sports performance and other data were collated,and normal distribution test,correlation analysis and single factor linear regression analysis were conducted.Glycolysis energy supply characteristics of 100 m and 200 m were analyzed through blood lactic acid peak value and blood lactic acid production rate after competition.At the same time,the research results related to energy metabolism of sprinting events in the world are systematically summarized,and important research conclusions are summarized.The existing research data are further analyzed to comprehensively demonstrate the energy metabolism characteristics of 100 m and 200 m sprinting events.Results:（1）The empirical study shows that the average peak value of blood lactic acid of100 m elite and first grade athletes is 14.79 mmol/L and 13.63 mmol/L,respectively.The average blood lactic acid peak value of 200 m elite athletes and the first grade athletes was 19.56 mmol/L and 18.61 mmol/L,respectively.The average blood lactic acid production rate of 100 m elite athletes and the first grade athletes was 1.43 mmol/（L·s）and 1.28 mmol/（L·s）,respectively.The average blood lactic acid production rate of 200 m elite athletes and the first grade athletes was 0.93 mmol/（L·s）and 0.84 mmol/（L·s）,respectively.The peak value of blood lactic acid was higher at 200 m and the production rate was higher at 100 m.The blood lactic acid peak value and blood lactic acid production rate of 100 m and 200 m elite athletes were higher than that of level 1.（2）The peak value of blood lactic acid（R =0.70（P<0.05））and the production rate of blood lactic acid（R =0.82（P<0.05））after 100 m were significantly correlated with the average speed,and the production rate of blood lactic acid was more correlated with the average speed.After 200 m,the peak of blood lactic acid was not correlated with the average speed（r=0.4（P>0.05））,but positively correlated with the production rate of blood lactic acid and the average speed（R =0.75（P<0.05））.（3）The comprehensive literature research and the research results,this paper in the < 10 s repeatability in the sprint training,exercise and intermittent time than can develop between 10 to 20 original phosphate supply ability,movement and intermittent time than can develop between 5-10 glycolytic energy capacity,about 15 s sprinting to the training（rest）can improve the power of glycolysis.Conclusion:（1）The energy supply capacity of glycolysis system is greatly required in 200 m sprint,while the energy supply rate of glycolysis system is greatly required in 100 m sprint.For athletes with higher level in 100 m and 200 m sprint events,glycolysis system is more involved in energy supply,especially higher energy supply per unit time.The accumulation rate of blood lactic acid in 100 m and 200 m sprints is positively correlated with the performance.Especially,the rapid mobilization and use of anaerobic glycolysis are the main factors in 100 m and 200 m sprints,which can reflect the important role of glycolysis system in sprints.（2）For 100 m and 200 m sprints,blood lactic acid production rate can be used as an evaluation index to evaluate athletes’ energy supply capacity,providing a means to study athletes’ anaerobic capacity,which is more accurate than any laboratory test.It enables us to predict the ability and characteristics of athletes to improve their performance.（3）Metabolic adaptability of sprint training depends to a certain extent on the type of sprint training,including duration,recovery time,total amount of training and training times.Training arrangements should be made according to the characteristics of different metabolic systems and different metabolic characteristics of muscle fibers.Year-round speed endurance arrangements should take into account the development of maximum speed as well as sprint exertion patterns.